Abstract: The volume concerns events that happened in Persia and in the Eastern territories of the Ottoman Empire (Iraq), during the First World War. The main focus is the Turkish action in Persia, and the British intrigues to maintain control over Persia, preventing the country from entering the war and supporting Turkey in a Muslim coalition.The volume covers:Alleged plunder by the Turks of jewels and money for a value of two million sterling from the shrines of Nejef [Najaf, Iraq] and Karbala, in January 1915.Leave granted to British and Russian ministers.General situation in Persia, British interest in preserving its neutrality so that it would not enter the war in support of the Ottoman Empire.Rectification of Turco-Persian frontiers.Protest of Persian Government against actions taken by the British, and requests to respect the Persian neutrality.Political events at Tehran.Translation of appeal written by Muhammad Javid, Governor of the Province of Baghdad, inciting Jihad in Iraq and Persia against the Entente Powers (ff 264-267).Pro-Turkish feelings in Persia in early 1915; British fear of a holy war.Pro-Turkish activities of Isfahan Mullahs.Protests of Persian Government against the presence of British troops in Arabistan [Khuzestan, Iran], and British decision to ignore them.Participation of Swedish officers in German intrigues in Fars [Persia], by fetching weapons; British requesting the withdrawal of Swedish officers from Persia.Reported 'Turkish atrocities' against Christians in the district of Dilman [Azerbaijan], where the Russians found more than 200 corpses when entering the villages in March 1915.Proposed censoring of Persian mail.Deportation of German subject by British authorities in southern Persia, protest of Persian Government against.Landing of British troops near Ahwaz [Iran], on 20 February 1915.Weakening of Persian support of Turks, recorded in April 1915.Turkish occupation of Kasr-i-Shirin [Qasr-e Shirin, Iran].Telegraphic communications via Ahwaz, Persia, with sketch map of the telegraph line, by W Barker (f 89).The volume’s principal correspondents are: Thomas William Holderness and Arthur Hirtzel, India Office; Charles Hardinge, the Viceroy of India; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Walter Beaupre Townley and Charles Marling, British Ministers at Tehran; Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe, Foreign Office; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; Terence Humphrey Keyes, Political Agent in Bahrain; Alfred Hamilton, the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign and Political Department, Delhi; the Persian Minister of Foreign Affairs.The volume contains newspaper cuttings from
The Times, and
Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung.There is a quote in Ancient Greek, from
Odyssey9.369.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 335; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-333; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume concerns events that happened in southern Persia and in the territories of the Shatt al-Arab, during the First World War. The main focus is the protection of oilfields.The volume covers:The Arab movement in Mesopotamia.Possible despatch of troops to the Kārun river and to Ahwaz [Ahvāz, Iran], to protect the oilfields.Spreading of the jihad movement amongst Arab tribes, seceding from Sheikh of Mohammerah [Khorramshahr, Iran].Withdrawal of British subjects from Ahwaz.Pipeline and telegraph line damaged by Bawi tribe near Ahwaz.Sheikh of Mohammerah's defeat of the Bawi tribe, in February 1915.German intrigues, and the arrest and deportation of the former German Consul at Bushire and of German agents.Russian defeat of Turkish forces at Dilman, Azerbaijan, in March 1915.Turkish occupation of Kasr-i-Shirin.Movements of German agents; protest of Persian Government against.Evacuation of British and Russians from Kerman.The volume’s principal correspondents are: Thomas William Holderness and Arthur Hirtzel, India Office; Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe, Foreign Office; Charles Hardinge, Viceroy of India; Walter Beaupre Townley and Charles Marling, British Ministers at Tehran; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Strick, Scott and Co; Anglo-Persian Oil Company.There is a letter in French within the file, from the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 198; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume concerns events that happened in Persia and Balochistan, during the First World War. The main focus is measures to be taken in the event of Persia entering the War against Great Britain.The volume covers:Advice of the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf on measures to be taken in Balochistan, in order to form alliances with the rulers (Khans) and maintain a British Protectorate after the war.Recommendations of the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf on reinforcing British troops at Bushire.Situation in Tehran, and the arrest at Bushire of the German Consul, Listemann.Offering of so-called 'bribes' to the Bakhtiari tribe and to other tribes in Arabistan, to convince them to support the British.Despatch of Russian troops in northern Persia, at Enzeli [Bandar Anzali, Iran], and Resht [Rasht, Iran].Assassination of Alexandre Kaver, Russian Vice-Consul and Manager of the Russian Bank at Isfahan.Situation at Kermanshah; withdrawal of the British Consul for Hamadan and evacuation by British and Russians.Translations of telegrams from the Persian Foreign Ministry regarding the War.German plot in Persia, led by the German Consul at Shiraz, Herr Wassmuss, with support of the Swedish gendarmerie.Protest of Persian Government against British military operations in Arabistan.Naval measures for the defence of Persian Gulf ports.Arrival of Russian troops in Isfahan, centre of German activities in Persia.Notes on the political situation in Persia by Vice-Admiral Edmond Slade.Attack on Anglo-Persian Oil Company's British employees drilling on the Island of Kishm [Qeshm, Iran].Resignation of Persian Cabinet on 3 July 1915; difficulties in the formation of a new cabinet.The volume’s principal correspondents are: Charles Hardinge, Viceroy of India; Thomas William Holderness and Arthur Hirtzel, India Office; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; Walter Gordon Neale, Assistant Resident in the Persian Gulf; Walter Beaupre Townley and Charles Marling, British Ministers at Tehran; W MacDouall, British Consul for Kermanshah; G Grahame, British Consul-General at Isfahan, Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe, Foreign Office; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; John Nixon, General Officer Commanding, Force 'D', Basrah; the Admiralty; Imperial Bank of Persia; Anglo-Persian Oil Company; Strick, Scott and Co.There is a newspaper cutting, from
The Times.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 239; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-237; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: The volume concerns the Persian Gendarmerie in southern Persia (Fars), and the pro-German feelings of the Swedish officers who were part of it.The volume covers:Accusations against Swedish officers employed by the Persian Gendarmerie in Fars, suggesting that they have been abandoning their neutrality to support German interests.Anti British attitude of Swedish officers; request for their withdrawal.Consignment of arms and ammunitions at Bushire, for the use of the Persian Gendarmerie.List of Swedish officers in service for the Persian Gendarmerie.Alleged intrigues by Major Previtz and other Swedish officers.Conditions offered to the Swedish officers of the Gendarmerie for their withdrawal from Fars.Proposed subvention for the Gendarmerie.Situation at Tehran.The volume’s principal correspondents are: Charles Hardinge, Viceroy of India; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; Walter Beaupre Townley and Charles Marling, British Ministers at Tehran; the Swedish Legation in London; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Esme Howard, British Consul at Stockholm; Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe and Maurice de Bunsen, Foreign Office; Thomas William Holderness and Arthur Hirtzel, India Office; William Frederick Travers O'Connor, British Consul at Shiraz; George Buchanan, British Ambassador in Russia.The volume contains some letters in French, from the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and from Gustav Edwall and Gustav Hjalmar Previtz, Persian Gendarmerie.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 259; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: The volume concerns the situation in Persia during the First World War. The main focus is the plan for the British occupation of Bushire.The volume covers:Measures to be taken at the Persian Gulf Ports in case of armed intervention against Persia, issued by the Admiralty to the Commander-in-Chief for East Indies.German activities;.Relations between Persia and the 'Entente Powers': appeal of Persian Government to French Government for support and withdrawal of British and Russian forces from Persia.Plans for occupation of Bushire.Plans to dispatch troops from Force 'D'.Relations with Haidar Khan, chief of Hayat Daoud [Ḥayāt-dāwudi] tribe.Censorship of Persian mails from Bushire and Bandar Abbas.Proposed deportation to India of Governor of Gulf Ports.Evacuation of British Consul and community from Shiraz.Attack on British Consul at Isfahan.Relations with Persian Government.Proposed ultimatum to Persian Government, rejected to protect the Anglo-Persian Oil Company pipeline.Restoration of Persian authority at Bushire and termination of British occupation in September 1915.Imperial Bank of Persia's report on the political situation in Bushire (ff 16-18).The volume’s principal correspondents are: William Graham Greene and W F Nicholson, Admiralty; Charles Marling, British Minister at Tehran; Charles Hardinge, Viceroy of India; Thomas William Holderness and Arthur Hirtzel, India Office; Eyre Alexander Barby Wichart Crowe and Maurice de Bunsen, Foreign Office; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; Arthur Prescott Trevor, Officer on Special Duty in the Persian Gulf; Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; the Persian Foreign Minister; Alfred Hamilton Grant, Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Imperial Bank of Persia.There are documents in French, from the French Embassy in London.There is a map within the file, showing ' Tribal districts between Arabistan and Bushire' (folio 135).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 215; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The volume concerns the situation in Persia during the First World War. The main focus is the British occupation of Bushire.The volume covers:Instructions regarding Bakhtiari.Movements of Wassmuss and German agents in Persia.Situation in Bushire, at Isfahan, at Urumia [Urmia, Iran], and at Tehran.Attitude of Persian Prime Minister.Arrival of Russian troops at Enzeli [Bandar-e Anzali, Iran].Murder of British Vice-Consul at Shiraz.Attacks on British Consuls at Isfahan and Kangavar, and on Consulate officials at Shiraz.Situation at Anglo-Persian Oil Company oilfields.Activities of German Vice-Consul at Sultanabad.German activity at Kermanshah.German sending gold to Persia, to outbid Anglo-Russian financial assistance.Extract of Imperial Bank of Persia's report on German occupation of Kermanshah.The volume’s principal correspondents are: Charles Marling, British Minister at Tehran; British Consuls at Meshed, Sistan and Kain, Kerman, Isfahan, Khorasan, Kermanshah; Arthur Prescott Trevor, Officer on Special Duty in the Persian Gulf; Percy Cox, Political Resident in Persian Gulf; John Nixon, General Officer Commanding, India Expeditionary Force 'D', Basrah; Charles Hardinge, Viceroy of India; Alfred Hamilton Grant, Foreign Secretary to the Government of India; Austen Chamberlain, Secretary of State for India; George Buchanan, British Ambassador in Russia; Imperial Bank of Persia; Shaikh Hussein of Chahkutah and Rais Ali of Dilwar [Rais Ali Delvari].Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 307; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The volume comprises telegrams, despatches, correspondence, memoranda, notes and printed papers in 1916 relating to the development of British policy towards Persia as well as the British relationship with Russia vis-à-vis its position and interests in Persia.The discussion in the volume relates to the terms, duration and articles of the Treaty of Alliance developed by 'three-cornered conversations between Teheran, London and Petrograd' as well as the views of the Government of India on the proposed Treaty.The volume includes:A printed copy of the proposed agreement with Persia (ff 260-261).Comments of HBM's Minister for Teheran (Sir Charles Murray Marling) on Persian proposals and details of the Russian counter-draft (ff 236-238).A draftt in French (ff 213-214) of the proposed treaty.A note (ff 161-165) on 'Persian Expenditure: the "half and half" arrangement' on the division of costs in Persia between HM Government and the Government of India.A telegram dated 31 August 1916 (f 81) listing the members of the Cabinet of the Prime Minister to the Shah of Persia Yossugh od Dowleh [Mushir-ed-Dowleh].A printed paper (ff 43-44) from the Minister to Tehran to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Viscount Edward Grey) detailing a history of Sipasalar's A'zam's administration.Further discussion surrounds the associated negotiations of issues including: the abrogation of the Treaty of Turcomanshai [Turkmenchay] in which Russia dictated terms to end the Russo-Persian War (1826-1828); cancellation of Persian debt; tenure of land by foreigners; recognition of Persian territorial claims in the Gulf; and Persian concerns over de facto partition.The correspondence also discusses the creation of a Cossack brigade for use by Persia and further potential military assistance to Persia; an Anglo-Russian subsidy to the Persian Government and mechanisms of financial control; the role of the South Persia Military Police in the 'restoration of order' in Fars and Kerman; and the loss by the Persian Government of correspondence relating to the Treaty.The principal correspondents in the volume include: the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Walter Louis Frederick Goltz Langley); the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Sir Edward Grey); HBM Minister at Teheran (Sir Charles Murray Marling); the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Prescott Trevor); Permanent Under-Secretary of State, India Office (Sir Thomas William Holderness); HBM Ambassador to Petrograd (Sir George William Buchanan); the Viceroy (Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst); and the Prime Minister to the Shah of Persia (Mushir-ed-Dowleh).The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 281; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This volume contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, telegrams and minutes regarding the position of Consul in Meshed [Mashhad] and the political and economic situation in East Persia [Iran]. The papers notably cover:Description of the political situation in East Persia where disturbances and outbreaks of conflict were occurring‘Bolshevik’ invasion of Khorassan [Khorasan]Conflict between Muslim troops and Anglo-Persian forcesThe dismissal of Lieutenant-Colonel W G Grey as Agent to the Government of India at Meshed and His Majesty’s Consul-General for KhorasanThe appointment of British consuls at Meshed during 1920-30Description regarding the previous British Consul at Meshed and general consular appointments in PersiaThe adoption of the title 'Agent to the Government of India' in addition to that of Consul-General.The principal correspondents are British Legation, Tehran (correspondence sometimes comes from Gulhek [Qolhak, also written Gula Hek], which was the Legation’s summer hill station); Imperial Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tehran; and the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.The volume includes a divider, which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the front of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 111; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.