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1. '11/2 PROPOSED EXTRADITION TREATY BETWEEN BAHRAIN, NEJD, & KUWAIT - SAUDI AGREEMENT'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns the proposal and development of an Extradition Treaty for the mutual surrender of criminals between Bahrain and Nejd [Najd], later Saudi Arabia, following a visit by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf to ‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd [Ibn Saud] in February 1932. The file includes correspondence between the Secretary to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe and Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven Fowle, Political Residents in the Persian Gulf; Captain Charles Geoffrey Prior and Lieutent-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch, Political Agents at Bahrain; Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Bahrain Government.The file includes a copy of a Treaty of Extradition between 'Iraq and Hejaz[al-Ḥijāz], Najd and Dependencies(ff 5-7), signed at Mecca on 21 Dhū al-Qa‘dah 1340 [8 April 1931] by Nuri As Sa'id [Nūrī al-Sa‘’id], Prime Minister of Iraq, and Faisal 'Abdul 'Aziz [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd], and a draft Extradition Treaty between Bahrain and Najd by Belgrave (ff 11-14), which excludes the return of escaped slaves and a stipulates that applications for extradition should be forwarded through the Political Agent, Bahrain. A further draft copy of the treaty with Arabic translation is enclosed with a letter from Belgrave, dated 7 Rabī‘ I 1351 [10 July 1932]. There is further correspondence regarding the clause on excluding escaped slaves and making applications for extradition through the Political Agent (ff 21-29), as well as copies of correspondence between the Political Resident and the Colonial Office and India Office, London, regarding the proposed Extradition Treaty (ff 30-42). On 25 November 1932, it is decided by the Secretary of State for India that the matter should be left in abeyance.At the end of the file is a compliments slip, dated 29 August 1942, enclosing printed copies of:Agreement for Friendship and Neighbourly Relations between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of His Highness the Sheikh[Shaikh] of Kowait[Kuwait] ) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 44-47);Trade Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of His Highness the Sheikh of Koweit) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 48-49);Agreement for the Extradition of Offenders between the Government of the United Kingdom (acting on behalf of the Government of Koweit) and the Government of Saudi Arabia, Jedda, 20 April 1942 (ff 50-51).Physical description: Foliation: The main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover and terminates at the back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present between ff 2-51; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
2. 'File 2/10 1 II. AVIATION. ROYAL AIR FORCE. (1) Reconnaissance of Basrah, Aden, Muscat, Masirah, Murbat, Sauqrah Bay Etc. AIR ROUTE.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence related to the Air Staff Intelligence, Air Headquarters, Baghdad’s request for information to be obtained from Muscat regarding the possible establishment of a subsidiary air route from Iraq to India via the Arabian side of the Gulf. The required information was concerning the straight line Mirfah-Biraimi-Khaburah. Arrangements were made for some Royal Air Force (RAF) representatives to visit the region accompanied by a doctor, and Bertram Sidney Thomas, Financial Advisor to the Sultan of Muscat and Oman.The correspondence contains information on the estimates of the cost of the journey including hire of camels; cost of feeding men and camels; presents to be given to the Shaikhs; wages and foodstuffs, coffee etc.Letters were sent to various Shaikhs and Walis in Sohar, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Baraimi [Buraimi] and other regions, asking them to assist the Royal Air Officers while conducting their work. The correspondence contains letters of certain Shaikhs such as Shaikh Salim bin Diyin [Dayyin] Al-Ka‘bi and Shaikh ‘Isa bin Salih Al-Ḥārithī [Al Harthi] negotiating the terms for them to accept the RAF work to take place. It also contains reports about the troubles made by some of the Bedouin tribes.Bertram Sidney Thomas reported on his observation on the proposed seaplane flight along the south Arabian coast. He also sent a report (ff 82- 130) to the Sultan and the Political Resident on the proceedings of the RAF Trans-Oman Expedition which he conducted from Sohar to Sharjah between 12 May and 3 June 1927. The report is in two parts covering the following: preliminary situation; itinerary of expedition; description of country passed through; tribal situation and Ibn Saud; personalities; tribal considerations and the air route.The volume also includes correspondence with the Sultan of Socotra regarding the construction of landing ground in his territory near Qishn. It also includes correspondence about the Air Ministry’s interest in extending the reconnaissance to establish landing grounds along the southern coast of Arabia.Among other correspondents in the volume are: the Political Agent, Muscat; Muscat and Oman, Council of Ministers; and C Hilton Keith, Squadron Leader RAF, Sohar.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 229; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
3. ‘File 16/30 Visits of shaikhs, notables and others to Bahrain.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and other papers relating to the visits of foreign dignitaries (chiefly rulers from the shaikhdoms along the Arab coast of the Gulf) to Bahrain. The majority of the correspondence details the movements of these dignitaries, and their arrival in or departure from Bahrain, as reported by the Political Agent at Bahrain, other Political Agents in the Gulf, the Residency Agent at Sharjah, and officers on board Royal Navy vessels in the Gulf. The file also includes letters (in Arabic, most with English translations) from a number of Arab rulers, including the Ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah.Visits to Bahrain covered by the file include:in 1932, the French Consul Georges Cassin. Cassin’s visiting card is affixed to the first page of file notes (f 63);in 1939, a visit by King Ibn Saoud [sic] of Saudi Arabia [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Sa‘ūd)]. A copy of a programme of events for Ibn Saud’s visit is included in the file (ff 48-49), as is a transcript of a speech by Ibn Saud’s secretary, Shaikh Yosouf Yasim (ff 45-46);a letter from Parker Thompson Hart, American Consul at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, dated 28 July 1949, informing the Agency that regular visits to Bahrain by American consular officials are planned for the future (f 60).Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 73; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Two additional foliation sequences are present in parallel between ff 2-72; these numbers are also written in pencil, but either are not circled, or are crossed through.
4. ‘File 16/40 Horses belonging to the Political Agent Bahrain –Correspondence ref:’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence and file notes relating to horses (a young mare and filly) given as a gift to the Political Agent at Bahrain (Captain Charles Geoffrey Prior) by the King of Nejd and Hejaz, Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] in 1930. The correspondence concerns: Prior’s disdain at the gift, noting that the mare is ‘quite useless’ (f 3, f 10); the transfer of the horses to stables in Bahrain belonging to Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah; file notes dated 1933, concerning Prior’s successor’s (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch) attempt to determine the present circumstances of the horses, and their transfer to Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah (ff 5-8). The file contains a single letter in Arabic.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 13; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-12; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
5. Coll 6/11 'Hejaz-Nejd Affairs: Economic Development in the Hejaz'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file mostly consists of copies of Foreign Office correspondence, which have been forwarded by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the Under-Secretary of State for India. The correspondence, most of which is between Foreign Office officials and either the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard) or His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill, Albert Spencer Calvert, and Alan Charles Trott), relates to the economic development of the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Other correspondents include the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle) and officials of the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.The opinion expressed by British correspondents near the beginning of the file is that the unsatisfactory state of the country's finances is a result of its complete dependence on the pilgrimage for income. Much of the file is concerned with various projects (such as water and mineral surveys) sanctioned by Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] in order to explore other sources of revenue.Items of discussion include the following:News that Ibn Saud intends to establish a power station for the purpose of providing Mecca and Jedda with electricity.Ibn Saud's wish to establish a state bank, preferably a British bank, to improve the financial situation in the country.Four reports on the country's water and mineral resources, produced by American engineer and geologist Karl Saben Twitchell in 1932 (copies of three of the four reports are included).The British Minister at Jedda's thoughts on how the economic unification of the newly-formed Saudi Arabia will progress.Proposed improvements to Jedda's water supply.The establishment of an 'Arabian Steam Navigation Company' by the Saudi Government.Details of the Saudi Arabian Mining Syndicate's concession with the Saudi Government for the exploitation of gold and other minerals, which was negotiated by Twitchell, signed in December 1934, and ratified by Ibn Saud in February 1935.Reports of anti-Ibn Saud propaganda in the Indian Muslim press.Details of the Saudi Arabian Mining Syndicate's activities in Saudi Arabia.The history of the Ahrar movement in India, its political party, Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Islam, and its reported condemnation of the recent Saudi mining concession.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 251; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-251; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
6. Coll 6/26 'Hejaz: Jedda Lighthouse and Harbour'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file discusses plans for the construction of a lighthouse near Jeddah harbour. It includes the following principal correspondents:The British Agent and Consul at Jeddah (Reader William Bullard, succeeded by Hugh Stonehewer Bird).The British Vice-Consul at Jeddah (Stanley R Jordan).His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jeddah (Albert Spencer Calvert).His Majesty's Minister at Jeddah (Sir Andrew Ryan).Officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the Board of Trade's Mercantile Marine Department, the Admiralty, and the Corporation of Trinity House.Agents and representatives of various shipping companies and associations, including the Bombay and Persia Steam Navigation Company Limited, the Persian Gulf Steam Navigation Company Limited, Alfred Holt and Company, the UK Chamber of Shipping, and the Liverpool Steam Ship Owners' Association.The correspondence discusses the following:The condition of an existing beacon on the Mismari Reef, near Jeddah harbour.Attempts made by the British Agent and Consul at Jeddah (Reader William Bullard) to persuade King Hussein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] to agree to the construction of a lighthouse close to Jeddah harbour.Investigations into whether the various reefs cited as suitable locations for the proposed lighthouse are within King Hussein's territorial waters or not.Ownership of the Jeddah-Port Sudan cable.Ibn Saud's [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd's] reported willingness to meet the expenses for the construction of the proposed lighthouse, following his deposition of King Hussein (later in the correspondence it is suggested that Ibn Saud had been misunderstood, since it is reported that he would not be willing to fund the construction of the lighthouse).Details regarding the requirements for the proposed lighthouse (e.g. which kinds of lights are most suitable) and the overall cost of construction.A report by the Commander of HMS Endeavour, S A Geary Hill, regarding the most suitable location for the proposed lighthouse.Difficulties encountered in appointing an engineer to survey the reefs near Jeddah harbour.Reports that the Saudi Government intends to increase tonnage dues at the port of Jeddah.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 160; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
7. Coll 6/42 'Channels of Communication with Ibn Saud. Communication Arrangements between Bushire and British Authorities other than the Govt. of India.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file relates to arrangements of communication. A large part of the correspondence discusses the drafting and redrafting of a Foreign Office memorandum of instructions, which is intended to revise existing Foreign Office instructions regarding the channels of communication used by British authorities and neighbouring countries to conduct relations with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Hejaz-Nejd Government. Also discussed are communication arrangements for correspondence not only between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (based at Bushire), the Political Agent at Kuwait, and the Political Agent and Consul at Jeddah, but also between the Political Resident, the Government of India, and the India Office.Most of the correspondence is between officials of the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the India Office, and the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department. Other correspondents include the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Hugh Vincent Biscoe) and the High Commissioner for Iraq (Sir Francis Henry Humphrys).Draft copies of the memorandum (to which further revisions are made following the creation of a British Legation at Jeddah) are included with the correspondence.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 95; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-94; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
8. Coll 6/10 'Hejaz-Nejd Affairs: Financial Situation and Internal Situation'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume largely consists of copies of Foreign Office correspondence, which have been forwarded by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the Under-Secretary of State for India. The correspondence, most of which is between Foreign Office officials and either the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard) or His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill, succeeded by Albert Spencer Calvert), relates to financial and political matters in the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia).The correspondence discusses the following:The history of the Wahabi movement and Ibn Saud's [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd's] attitude towards Wahabism.The currency exchange crisis in the Hejaz.Requests from Ibn Saud for the British Government either to assist in establishing a British bank as a state bank in the Hejaz, or to provide a loan directly to the Hejazi Government (both requests are declined).The British Minister at Jedda's accounts of his meetings both with Ibn Saud and with various Hejazi/Saudi Government officials.A Hejazi-Soviet contract for the supply of Soviet benzine and relations between Soviet Russia and Hejaz-Nejd generally.Tensions within the Hejazi Government.The Hejazi Government's budgetary reforms.The prospect of a new Saudi state bank, possibly backed by the financial assistance of the former ex-Khedive of Egypt [ʿAbbās Ḥilmī II].The death of Emir Abdullah ibn Jiluwi [‘Abdullāh bin Jilūwī Āl Sa‘ūd].Saudi-Egyptian relations.The discovery of oil in Hasa.In addition to correspondence the volume includes the following:A copy of an economic survey of Saudi Arabia, produced by the British Legation at Jedda in June 1936.A copy of a note written by Frederick Gerard Peake, Commanding Officer of the Arab Legion, on the history of the Wahabi movement.A copy of a printed Government of India report entitled 'Confidential Report of the Haj Inquiry Committee on the Arrangements in the Hedjaz', dated 1930.A copy of a report by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe), recounting a visit to Ibn Saud at Hasa in early 1932.Copies of extracts from Kuwait intelligence summaries and Bahrain intelligence reports.The volume includes three dividers, which give a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 651; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers. A previous foliation sequence, which is present between ff 563-649 and is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
9. Coll 6/18 'Arabia: Migration of Hejazis from Hejaz to Transjordan'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is concerned with the migration of Hejazis from Hejaz to Transjordan.The file consists of copies of Foreign Office and Colonial Office correspondence, which discuss rumours of disaffection among Hejazi tribesmen, and of their desertion from the Hejaz to Transjordan. The correspondence also discusses allegations made in the Hejazi press that the tribesmen are being enticed into Transjordan, and subsequent reports that the Amir of Transjordan [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] has disclaimed any responsibility for the rumoured migrations.The file's principal correspondents are His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill), the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan), the Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Acting High Commissioner for Palestine and Transjordan (Mark Aitchison Young), and various officials of the Foreign Office.In addition to letters and telegrams, the file includes a memorandum by Sir Andrew Ryan which recounts his interview with the Amir of Transjordan, in Amman, on 13 February 1932.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 54; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-54; these numbers are printed and are not circled. The front and back external conservation covers have not been foliated.
10. Coll 6/19 'Arabia: (Saudi Arabia) Hejaz-Nejd Annual Report.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains copies of annual reports regarding the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia) during the years 1930-1938 and 1943-1944.The reports were produced by the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard) and sent to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (and in the case of these copies, forwarded by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the Under-Secretary of State for India), with the exception of the reports for 1943 and 1944, which appear to have been produced and sent by His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda, Stanley R Jordan.The reports covering 1930-1938 discuss the following subjects: foreign relations; internal affairs; financial, economic and commercial affairs; military organisation; aviation; legislation; press; education; the pilgrimage; slavery and the slave trade; naval matters. The reports for 1943 and 1944 are rather less substantial. The 1943 report discusses Arab affairs, Saudi relations with foreign powers, finance, supplies, and the pilgrimage, whilst the 1944 report covers these subjects in addition to the following: the activities of the United States in Saudi Arabia, the Middle East Supply Centre, and the Saudi royal family.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 269; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-12 and ff 45-268; these numbers are also written in pencil but are not circled.
11. Coll 6/30 'Revolt in Northern Hejaz: Hejaz-Nejd – Transjordan Frontier Situation. Hejaz Relations with Egypt and Transjordan.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume concerns the British Government's response to the presence of anti-Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] rebels in northern part of the Hejaz during May-July 1932, reportedly led by Sheikh Hamid Ibn Rafadah [Shaikh Hamid Ibn Rifadah].The volume mostly consists of copies of Foreign Office and Colonial Office correspondence (a large amount of which has been forwarded by the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East) discussing the following:Reports of an anti-Ibn Saud movement, allegedly organised by a society named Hizb-Al-Hejazi, based in Cairo, with additional members in Transjordan and Mecca.Reports of rebels from the Hejaz entering Transjordan.The decision taken by the British Government to send HMS Penzanceto Akaba [Aqaba], in the hope that it will have a 'restraining effect' if anti-Ibn Saud rebels retreat through Akaba.Rumours that the Egyptian Government is lending assistance to the movement.Suspicions that Amir Abdullah [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] could be assisting the revolt.The possibility of closing the Transjordan frontier.Reports of an alleged plot to assassinate Emir Faisal [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd] during his forthcoming visit to Iraq.Measures taken by the Egyptian Government to prevent supplies and munitions from being sent by sea to rebels in the Hejaz.British concerns over the timing of the proposed visit of King Ali [‘Alī bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] to Transjordan.Whether the British should make attempts to persuade Amir Abdullah to conclude a treaty of friendship with Ibn Saud.The volume features the following principal correspondents: the High Commissioner for Egypt (Sir Percy Loraine); the High Commissioner for Transjordan (Arthur Grenfell Wauchope); the High Commissioner for Iraq (Francis Henry Humphrys); the British Resident, Transjordan (Charles Henry Fortnom Cox); His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan); His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill); the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Philip Cunliffe-Lister); the Senior Officer of the Red Sea Sloops; officials of the Foreign Office and Colonial Office.In addition to correspondence the volume contains a copy of the minutes of a meeting of the Committee of Imperial Defence's Standing Official Sub-Committee for Questions Concerning the Middle East, dated 9 June 1932.The volume includes two dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the volume by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 465; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the four leading and ending flyleaves.
12. Coll 6/44 'Hejaz and Indian Muslims. Desecration of tombs by Wahabis, etc.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file compiles copies of appeals made by representatives of Indian Muslims to the British Government (and in one case, to the Shah of Persia [Reza Shah Pahlavi]), regarding the desecration of various holy buildings and monuments by Ibn Saud's [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd's] Wahabi forces. The nature of the appeals is twofold: appeals dating from 1930 request that the Viceroy of India (Edward Frederick Lindley Wood – referred to in the file as Lord Irwin, succeeded by Freeman Freeman-Thomas) use his influence on behalf of the British Government to urge Ibn Saud to reconstruct demolished shrines and monuments such as those at Janatul-Bakia [Jannat al-Baqīʿ]; later appeals, which date from 1933, call on the British Government to remain neutral regarding affairs in the Hejaz and Nejd, and to refrain from providing Ibn Saud with military, naval, or any other kind of assistance.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 31; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 3-29; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
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