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25. PZ 1115/1938 'Col. Dickson's visit to Riyadh and conversations with Ibn Saud.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of correspondence and other papers mainly relating to the private visit of Colonel Harold Richard Patrick Dickson to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and his three private conversations with King Ibn Saud.It includes correspondence between John Charles Walton, India Office, and Dickson, including a letter from Walton to Dickson of 2 November 1937 enclosing a summary of Dickson’s three private conversations with Ibn Saud, in which the views of Ibn Saud on Palestine and relations with the British Government are quoted (folios 33-44). The file also includes correspondence between Walton and the following concerning the visit: George William Rendel, Foreign Office; Sir Findlater Stewart, India Office; and M J Clauson, India Office.There is also correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and the Secretary of State for India, and between H. Lacy Baggallay, Foreign Office, and M J Clauson, India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 48; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
26. PZ 2540/40 'Censorship: connivance at use of cypher in messages to and from Ibn Saud and the two Amirs'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains two telegrams about the use of cypher in messages between Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and the Political Agent, Bahrain and the Political Resident, Bushire.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 5; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
27. PZ 704/1935 Arabia: Request for Financial Assistance for the ex-Amir of Mecca
- Description:
- Abstract: The file mainly consists of correspondence between the India Office and the Foreign Office, and enclosed copies of Foreign Office correspondence, relating to the former Amir [Emir] of Mecca, Sherif Ali Haider.It includes a letter from Kenneth Johnstone, Foreign Office, to John Gilbert Laithwaite, India Office, 31 January 1935 (folios 10-11), enclosing a copy of a letter from Princess Fatma Haider (née Miss Dunn), the wife of Sherif Ali Haider, which she sent to the Prince of Wales, and which was passed on to the Foreign Office by the Prince’s Private Secretary. In her letter, dated 10 January 1935 (folios 13-14), Fatma Haider states that her husband is ‘old and delicate’ and describes his difficult financial situation, stating that he was promised £200 of gold a year by the King of Saoud [Saud] when the latter refused to allow her husband to return to Mecca, but that in the present and previous year the King had sent nothing. Fatma Haider’s letter appeals for help from the Prince of Wales ‘through some Mussulman perhaps’. In the letter from Johnstone to Laithwaite of 31 January 1935, Johnstone asks whether the India Office has any observations to make on the matter, and states how the Foreign Office intends to reply to the Prince’s Private Secretary. A reply from Laithwaite to Johnstone of 5 February 1935 (folio 8) states that the India Office has ‘no comments to offer, but note the course of action which the Foreign Office propose to adopt’.A copy of a letter from the Foreign Office to Sir Godfrey Thomas, the Prince of Wales’s Private Secretary, 12 February 1935 (folios 5-7), gives a brief account of the Sherif, and concludes that ‘we have no political reason for wishing to assist him’, and that ‘unless, therefore, His Royal Highness is personally disposed to assist the Sherif indirectly, we can only suggest that a regretful reply in the negative should be returned to Princess Fatma’s request’.The file also includes a copy of letter sent to the Foreign Office from Godfrey Thomas Havard, Consul General, Beirut, 27 March 1935 (folio 3), informing the Foreign Office of the death of Sherif Ali Haider on 24 March 1935.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 14; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
28. PZ 2582/40 'Anglo-Saudi relations: desire of Petroleum Concessions Western Arabia to cease operations: Ibn Saud's desire for them to continue to prevent Italian takeover'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains a telegram from Hugh Stonehewer Bird, British Minister at Jedda to the Foreign Office concerning the reactions of the Saudi Arabian government following the decision of Petroleum Developments Western Arabia Limited to terminate operations in Western Arabia.The telegram also refers to the concerns of Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] regarding a possible Italian takeover in Hedjaz and Ibn Saud's desire for the British government to intervene.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 4; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
29. Coll 6/11 'Hejaz-Nejd Affairs: Economic Development in the Hejaz'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file mostly consists of copies of Foreign Office correspondence, which have been forwarded by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the Under-Secretary of State for India. The correspondence, most of which is between Foreign Office officials and either the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, succeeded by Sir Reader William Bullard) or His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill, Albert Spencer Calvert, and Alan Charles Trott), relates to the economic development of the Kingdom of the Hejaz and Nejd (later Saudi Arabia). Other correspondents include the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle) and officials of the Government of India's Foreign and Political Department.The opinion expressed by British correspondents near the beginning of the file is that the unsatisfactory state of the country's finances is a result of its complete dependence on the pilgrimage for income. Much of the file is concerned with various projects (such as water and mineral surveys) sanctioned by Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] in order to explore other sources of revenue.Items of discussion include the following:News that Ibn Saud intends to establish a power station for the purpose of providing Mecca and Jedda with electricity.Ibn Saud's wish to establish a state bank, preferably a British bank, to improve the financial situation in the country.Four reports on the country's water and mineral resources, produced by American engineer and geologist Karl Saben Twitchell in 1932 (copies of three of the four reports are included).The British Minister at Jedda's thoughts on how the economic unification of the newly-formed Saudi Arabia will progress.Proposed improvements to Jedda's water supply.The establishment of an 'Arabian Steam Navigation Company' by the Saudi Government.Details of the Saudi Arabian Mining Syndicate's concession with the Saudi Government for the exploitation of gold and other minerals, which was negotiated by Twitchell, signed in December 1934, and ratified by Ibn Saud in February 1935.Reports of anti-Ibn Saud propaganda in the Indian Muslim press.Details of the Saudi Arabian Mining Syndicate's activities in Saudi Arabia.The history of the Ahrar movement in India, its political party, Majlis-i-Ahrar-i-Islam, and its reported condemnation of the recent Saudi mining concession.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 251; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-251; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
30. Coll 30/172 'Attitude of Ibn Saud (Saudi Arabia) towards Arab rulers in Persian Gulf and P. Gulf affairs.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains correspondence from British officials concerning the attitude of the Government of Saudi Arabia (specifically that of its king, Ibn Saud [Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd]) toward the rulers of other Gulf states.The correspondents include HM Minister, Jedda (Sir Reader William Bullard), and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle).The comments are made against the background of the discovery of oil, and the increasing influence of Iraq in the region, and particularly concern Kuwait, Bahrain, and Dubai. The correspondence also discusses the issue of popular movements and administrative councils in Kuwait and Dubai, and the need to assure Ibn Saud that there was no British 'forward policy' in the Gulf.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 33; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
31. Coll 30/220 'Kuwait: General Relations with'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns Kuwait affairs.The papers include a report dated 9 May 1944, by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Charles Geoffrey Prior, on a visit to Kuwait. The report includes details of conversations between Prior and the Shaikh of Kuwait [Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ], covering education, the oil industry, Major Frank Holmes, a statement by the Shaikh that Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] had been encouraging him to get rid of his British oil company (the Kuwait Oil Company) and replace it with an American one, the Shaikh's estates in Iraq, his investiture [as Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India (KCSI)?], the presence of Paiforce (Persia and Iraq Force) in Kuwait, and an attempt by the Shaikh to present Prior with an expensive gift. The file also contains correspondence between the India Office, the Foreign Office, and the Political Resident, concerning the report of Ibn Saud's advice to the Shaikh.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 18; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-17; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
32. Coll 30/112 'Koweit: Saudi-Koweit Frontier Incidents.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns an incursion into the territory of Koweit [Kuwait] by an armed party of Saudi Arabian subjects in May 1935, their return to Saudi Arabia by the Kuwait authorities, and subsequent diplomatic contacts over the incident between the British Government and the Government of Saudi Arabia.The armed party was said to have entered Kuwait territory in order to collect zikaton behalf of the Governor of Hasa from members of the Shammar tribe. The papers include discussion of the incident by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the British Legation, Jedda, the India Office, and the Foreign Office; a complaint over the incident by the British Government to the Saudi Government; subsequent diplomatic contacts, including the text of letters from the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs; and further discussion by British officials.The King of Saudi Arabia (referred to as Bin Saud [Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd]) was said in extracts from Kuwait intelligence summaries dated July 1935 (folios 25-26) to be 'greatly annoyed' by British protests over the incident, and likely to retaliate against Kuwait. However, in a further incident (folio 6) in August 1935 Saudi citizens pursuing a fugitive were said to have followed procedure by carrying a letter with them. This is said by the Political Resident (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle) in a letter dated 29 October 1935 (folio 5) to show that the previous protests made by the British Government 'had had a good effect'.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 74; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
33. Coll 30/149 'Bahrain: Saudi Relations with Bahrain. Proposed visit of Emir Saud to Bahrain.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns visits to Bahrain by members of the royal family of Saudi Arabia; in particular the visit of Emir Saud [Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd], son of Ibn Saud [Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd], in December 1937; and the visit of Ibn Saud himself in March 1939.The papers include detailed reports on both visits by the Political Agent, Bahrain (Hugh Weightman): folios 48-55 (1937) and folios 13-21 (1939), with comments by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle). Both visits were considered by the British to have been a great success (folio 11).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 62; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
34. Coll 30/94 'Bahrain: Extradition Treaty between Bahrain & Saudi Arabia.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns the possibility of an extradition treaty between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, earlier referred to as Nejd [Najd],The file includes a letter from the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven William Fowle), dated 26 September 1932, in which he raises the question of the status of slaves under any such treaty, and states that the suggestion of a treaty had come from Ibn Saud [Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd]. Fowle's view is that it was undesirable to have any such treaty at all, until the Government of Saudi Arabia raised the issue, and this view is endorsed in subsequent correspondence and minutes from the Colonial Office, the Foreign Office, the India Office, and the Government of India.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the first folio with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 14; these numbers are printed and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The front and back covers have not been foliated.
35. Coll 30/160(2) 'Measures to influence minor Powers & Arab States in time of War. Deputation of British Officer to RIYADH. (Capt G. S. de Gaury).'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns the appointment of Captain Gerald Simpson Hillairet Rutland Vere de Gaury (formerly, the Political Agent, Kuwait) as Political Officer at Riyadh (1939-40). The appointment of a Political Officer, under the orders of HM Minister, Jedda, was proposed in 1939 as a special measure in the event of war breaking out. De Gaury was suggested for the post because he was thought to be acceptable to Ibn Saud [Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd]. The purpose of the role was to monitor political developments in Saudi Arabia, and to keep Ibn Saud favourably disposed towards the British (comment by Reader William Bullard, HM Minister, Jedda, folio 91).The papers include: correspondence concerning de Gaury's leave, pay and allowances; questions about de Gaury's suitability for the role (e.g. comment by the Government of India External Affairs Department on folio 132); India Office minutes relating to the appointment; report by de Gaury on the state of roads between Riyadh and Dhahran (folio 68); report by de Gaury on a meeting with Ibn Saud (folios 53-56); Ibn Saud's wish not to have a permanent British representative at Riyadh; correspondence concerning a proposed visit (which did not take place) by Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Geoffrey Prior, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, to Ibn Saud, May 1941; and correspondence concerning a proposed liaison visit by de Gaury to the Persian Gulf, Riyadh, Jedda, Yemen, and Aden, September-October 1941.The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 141; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-139; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
36. Coll 7/33 'Saudi Arabia: regulations concerning the importation and possession of arms'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file concerns regulations regarding the prohibition of the import, sale, carrying and possession of arms in the Hejaz kingdom, and later the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The regulations were all published in the Saudi newspaper Umm al Qura [Umm al-Qurá], and consist of the following: a high decree published 15 May 1931 (folios 43-45); a high order sanctioned by the Legislative Assembly, 8 Safar 1352 [2 June 1933] (folios 39-40); and a regulation issued by Ibn Sa'ūd ['Abd al-Raḥmān bin 'Abd al-'Azīz bin Fayṣal Āl Sa'ūd] on 3 Shabān 1354 [31 October 1935] (folios 29-34).The file also includes correspondence between HM Minister at Jedda (Andrew Ryan), the Foreign Office, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Lieutenant-Colonel Trenchard Craven Fowle), the Political Agent at Bahrain (Lieutenant-Colonel Percy Gordon Loch), the Political Agent at Kuwait (Captain Gerald Simpson Hillairet de Gaury), and the High Commissioner for Trans-Jordan (Arthur Wauchope), discussing: the impact of the regulations on tribesmen from Transjordan, Kuwait and the Trucial Coast; the difficulties of enforcing the regulations in the hinterlands; and concerns that Ibn Sa'ūd intended to use the regulations to impose his influence on tribes who moved into Saudi limits from Qatar and Abu Dhabi.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references found in the file by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (folio 2).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 48; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.