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1. ‘Vol 11 Persian Gulf & Muscat affairs’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. It is the eleventh in a series of eleven items about the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2050/93533, 93534, 93535, 93536, 93537, 93538, 93539, 93540, 93541, and 93542). The principal correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Captain Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:The wreck of the Schooner GuznieThe seizure of a boat belonging to Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa of Bahrein [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah of Bahrain] by Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah, former Shaikh of Bahrain]Duties to be levied on goods at Bushire [Būshehr], particularly when transhipped at the Bushire roadsThe migration of some of the people of Karrack [Jazīreh-ye Khārk, also known as Khark, Kharg] to Phelecha [Failaka]The movements of Ameer Fysul [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turki bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd]The blockade of Mubarak bin Abdullah [Shaikh Mubārak bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Khalīfah] in Dumam [Dammam] by Shaik Mahomed bin Khuleefa and Esai been Tareef [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ḥamad bin Ṭarīf Āl Bin 'Alī al-'Utbī].The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Collection No. 1, Draft 558, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4291, [Season 18]44’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 909 and terminates at f 974, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
2. 'Vol 5 Persian Gulf - Affairs of -'
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. It is the fifth in a series of eleven items about the Persian Gulf (the others are IOR/F/4/2050/93533, 93534, 93535, 93536, 93538, 93539, 93540, 93541, 93542, and 93543). The principal correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Officiating Resident in the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:The desire of Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī], Suggur bin Sultan [Shaikh Ṣaqr bin Sulṭān al-Qāsimī], and Muktoom bin Butye [Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī Āl Bū Falāseh], to assist the sons of Abdullah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah] in waging war against Mahomed bin Khuleefa [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah] in Bahrein [Bahrain]Abdullah bin Ahmed’s hopes of Persian [Iranian] assistance in attacking BahreinThe desire of Ameer Fysul bin Turkey [Amīr Fayṣal bin Turki bin ‘Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd] to extend his influence and conquer Brymee [Al Buraymī]The peaceful resolution of the dispute between Sultan bin Suggur and Abdullah bin Rashid [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā]The intention of Esai bin Tarif [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ḥamad bin Ṭarīf Āl Bin 'Alī al-'Utbī] to leave Kenn [Kish Island] and settle at Bahrein and the coast of Gutter [Qatar]The arrival of a detachment of Sirbaz [Sabāz, Persian infantry] on the island of Kharrack [Jazīreh-ye Khārk, also known as Khark, Kharg] and consequent abandonment of the island by the populationMedical supplies to be sent to Captain Atkins Hamerton, Consul and Agent in the Dominions of the Imam of Muscat, based in Zanzibar.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Coll No [Collection Number] 1, Draft 558, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4291, [Season 18]44’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 582 and terminates at f 657, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
3. ‘IRAQ COMMAND REPORT APRIL, 1924-NOVEMBER, 1926.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is a report submitted to the British Air Ministry by Air Vice-Marshal John Frederick Andrews Higgins. It consists of a chronological narrative of significant military events in Iraq during his time as Air Officer Commanding, British Forces in Iraq, from April 1924 until November 1926. It is divided by year and by geographical area.The report discusses general military activities undertaken during the period, including the aerial observation of settlements and groups deemed potentially dangerous to the Government, the movements of British and Iraqi troops, and the training of the Iraq Army by British officers.It notably covers the following:Turkish attempts to assert control over the Mosul Vilayet, including ‘infiltration’ of northern Iraq by Turkish personnel, the build-up of troops on the Turkey-Iraq border, and incursions of Turkish cavalry units across the border, which were stopped by British aerial bombardmentBritish planning for the defence of Mosul in the event of a full-scale Turkish invasion, the eventual resolution of the Turkey-Iraq border dispute by the decision of the League of Nations, and a subsequent agreement between Turkey, Iraq, and BritainKurdish resistance to British occupation and the central Iraqi Government, focusing on the continuing anti-British activities of Shaikh Mahmud Barzanji [Maḥmūd Barzanjī], particularly: British ground and aerial attacks on Kurdish villages; a clash between Assyrian levy troops and local Muslim inhabitants at Kirkuk; the suppression of an uprising led by Shaikh Mahmud, including discussions with Riza Khan [Reżā Shāh Pahlavī, Shāh of Iran] about coordination between Iraq and Persia [Iran] against Shaikh Mahmud; British attempts to protect Jaf [Jaff] tribespeople from Shaikh Mahmud’s demands for money during their migration to Persia; and punitive attacks by the British on tribesmen from the Auroman [Hawraman] region for supporting Shaikh MahmudIssues in southern Iraq, primarily involving Akhwan [Ikhwān] raids on nomadic Iraqi herding communities, including: steps taken by the British Government to prevent these raids, such as improved communications in the desert borderlands; aerial bombing of raiding groups; and the detailed mapping of the area to improve the accuracy of British counterattacks against the Ikhwan. The report also mentions the bombing of the house of Shaikh Salim Al Khayun [Sālim al-Khayyūn] in the village of Chubaish [Al-Chibayish], and the Shaikh’s subsequent surrender to Government authoritiesFighting between the forces of ‘Daham, Chief of the Syrian Shammar Jarba’ [Dahhām bin al-Hādī bin al-ʿĀṣī al-Jarbā] and ‘Ajill, Chief of the Iraqi Shammar Jarba’ [‘Ujayl al-Yāwar al-Jarbā], and details the deployment of British armoured cars and aeroplanes to assist Ajill in fighting Daham’s forces.The report contains six appendices:‘Appendix A- Forces in Iraq, April, 1924’‘Appendix B- Note on History of Sheikh Mahmud Prior to April, 1924’‘Appendix C- Composition of Frontier Force under Colonel Commandant H.T. Dobbin, C.B.E., D.S.O., September, 1924’‘Appendix D- Composition of Chapforce under Colonel Commandant J.G. Chaplain, C.B.E., D.S.O.’‘Appendix E- Anti-Akhwan Organisation’‘Appendix F- Reduction of Garrison Following Treaty with Turkey’.Four maps are included in the report. These are catalogued as ‘‘Iraq-Persia Map No. 1’ (IOR/L/PS/20/C204, f 32); ‘Map No. 2’ (IOR/L/PS/20/C204, f 33); ‘Map No. 3’ (IOR/L/PS/20/C204, f 34); and ‘Basra. Map No. 4’ (IOR/L/PS/20/C204, f 35).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 36; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
4. 'File 14/115 VIII B 15 Abu Musa. Red oxide concession.'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence relating to the mining of red oxide on Abu Musa island. Correspondence topics include:The Second British Memorandum, December 1911 (printed copy).The migration of the Sudanese community from Sirri to Abu Musa.The activities of the German company Wonckhaus which was not permited to ship oxide from the pit-head but permitted to remove all oxide already mined.Letters discuss the view of the Political Resident Persian Gulf that no further concessions be given to Wonckhaus.Correspondents include the Political Resident Persian Gulf; the Foreign Office, London; India Office, London; H. Listermann, German Consulate, Bushire; Shaikh Sagar bin Khalid, Chief of Sharjah; Residency Agent, Sharjah; H.M. Vice-Consul and Assistant Resident, Lingah.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers appearing in a circle in the top right hand corner of each page.
5. Ext 5587/41 'Repatriation of widow and child of Persian admiral Bayendor.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file consists of correspondence between the India, Home, and Foreign Offices regarding the repatriation of a widow and her child. The correspondence concerns the nationality of the British-born widow who had married a Persian Admiral, citing the Persian Marriage and Nationality Law of 1929, and the consequent visa and travel arrangements needed for her repatriation. Finally, the file includes a letter from the British-based family of the widow's former employer offering allowance provision if desired.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 10; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 26 of 1856, dated 16 April 1856. The enclosures are dated 7 October 1855-12 April 1856.The enclosures relate to British policy towards the intended migration of the Al Ali [Āl ‘Alī] tribe, residing at Ges [Kish, also was known as Kenn, also spelled Geis in this item], to the Arabian coast in the neighbourhood of Kutiffe [Al-Qaṭīf], and British reaction to their actual migration to Demaum [Dammam]. They cover the efforts of Lieutenant Frederick Disbrowe, Assistant Resident, Persian Gulf, and Commander Felix Jones, Indian Navy, Acting Resident, Persian Gulf, to prevent a further attack on Bahrein [Bahrain] and disorder in the Gulf from disrupting British trade, and chiefly comprise their letters to or correspondence with the following:Mahomed ben Khuleefa, Sheikh of Bahrein [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, also spelled Khulifa in this item]Commodore Richard Ethersey, Commander of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, and other senior Indian Navy officers and vessel commandersSheikh Mahomed ben Abdullah, Sheikh of Demaum [Muḥammad bin ‘Abdullāh, Shaikh of Dammam], who was in dispute with the Sheikh of Bahrein over re-establishing his claim to the ‘chieftainship’ of Bahrein and who had attacked Bahrein the previous yearAli bin Sultan [Alī bin Sulṭān], chief of the Al Ali tribe, who had allied with the Sheikh of Demaum in the attack on Bahrein in the previous yearThe Wahabee Ameer [Wahhābī Amīr] Fysul [Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh, Āl Sa‘ūd], Ruler of Nedjid [Najd]The British Agent at BahreinThe Government of Bombay.The papers notably cover and include:Disbrowe’s dissuasion of the Sheikh of Bahrein from undertaking offensive action against the Al Ali and advice to confine himself to defensive actionsThe Wahabee Ameer’s claim that he would prefer Ali bin Sultan and his Al Ali followers not to migrate to his territory, but that he would not be ‘inhospitable’ to them if they did locate in Wahabee country, and the Government of Bombay’s belief that the Ameer in reality supports hostilities against the Sheikh of BahreinWarnings given: by Disbrowe to Ali bin Sultan, not to break the agreement he made with Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, former Resident in the Persian Gulf, to give three months’ notice of any intention to move from Ges; and by Jones to the Sheikh of Demaum that harbouring the Al Ali is a violation of his agreement with KemballThe belief of Disbrowe and Jones that, despite his denials, the Sheikh of Demaum instigated the migration of the Al Ali to his territoryThe instructions given by Disbrowe and Jones to commanding officers of the Naval Squadron in the Gulf regarding measures to enforce the removal of Ali bin Sultan and his followers from Demaum, including issuing warnings, ultimatums, threats and, as a last resort, capturing the Al Ali’s boats and valuables and taking them to Bassidore [Basaidu], whilst carefully restricting any actions of force to sea and portsThe authorisation by the Honorary Board, Bombay, to Jones to assemble a sufficient naval force and use coercion to make the Al Ali leave Demaum, including permission to burn their boats.Physical description: 1 item (48 folios)
7. Coll 28/83 ‘Persia; Persian Nationality Law. Position of British subjects & British protected persons resident in Charbar.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence, reports and other papers concerning the status of Indians (as British subjects, also referred to in the file as ‘khojas’) living in Charbar [Chābahār], Persia [Iran], who have had Persian nationality imposed upon them by a nationality law ratified by the Persian Government. The file covers: discussion among British officials over the status of British subjects in Charbar; the efforts of Indians in Charbar to renounce their Persian nationality; a visit by HM Consul at Kerman, Captain Cecil Henning Lincoln, to Charbar, to assist the town’s Indian community with the difficulties experienced at the hands of the Persian authorities; the arrest at and deportation from Charbar of the Bandar Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] Vice Consulate’s interpreter (also referred to in the file as a munshi) by the Persian authorities; in 1937, the departure from Charbar of 282 members of the Indian community, to Muscat and Gwadur [Gwādar].The file’s principal correspondent is HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Tehran.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 144; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
8. Coll 6/18 'Arabia: Migration of Hejazis from Hejaz to Transjordan'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is concerned with the migration of Hejazis from Hejaz to Transjordan.The file consists of copies of Foreign Office and Colonial Office correspondence, which discuss rumours of disaffection among Hejazi tribesmen, and of their desertion from the Hejaz to Transjordan. The correspondence also discusses allegations made in the Hejazi press that the tribesmen are being enticed into Transjordan, and subsequent reports that the Amir of Transjordan [ʿAbdullāh bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī] has disclaimed any responsibility for the rumoured migrations.The file's principal correspondents are His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires at Jedda (Cecil Gervase Hope Gill), the British Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan), the Secretary of State for the Colonies, the Acting High Commissioner for Palestine and Transjordan (Mark Aitchison Young), and various officials of the Foreign Office.In addition to letters and telegrams, the file includes a memorandum by Sir Andrew Ryan which recounts his interview with the Amir of Transjordan, in Amman, on 13 February 1932.The file includes a divider which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 54; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-54; these numbers are printed and are not circled. The front and back external conservation covers have not been foliated.