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25. Aden Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 36 of 1850, dated 25 June 1850. Enclosures Nos. 3-15, dated 25 May to 24 June 1850, consist of correspondence, and minutes of the Government of Bombay.The enclosures cover matters including:The Political Agent at Aden, Captain Stafford Betteworth Haines, reporting that ‘some mischievous person’, he believes from Aden, had caused a report to be spread that three or four British steam ships had brought troops and guns to the area, and that the British intended to march inland, which had caused a sudden panic. However, Haines states that he had written a friendly letter to Sultan Ali M’Houssain [‘Alī I bin Muḥsin al-‘Abdalī] of Lahidge [Lahej or Lahij] ridiculing the idea of ‘such nonsense’, and that this letter had instantly dissipated all fearHaines reporting that the Turkish [Ottoman] force for the capture of Maculla and Shahahr [Mukalla and Ash Shihr] are at Mocha, and that the ‘Arabs’ of Maculla and Shahahr have united, and the Arab main force is at Broom [Bandar Burum] ready to receive and attack them. Haines states his belief that if the ‘Turks’ persevere in this attack, it will end in the destruction and capture of the Turkish fleet and the death or capture of their military forceAn unarmed boat belonging to the Honourable Company’s steam frigate Aucklandbeing fired on ‘without the slightest provocation’, Haines writes, by ‘an Arab of the Arabia tribe’ named Baghi bin Abdulla [Bāqī(?) bin ‘Abdullāh], on 29 May 1850, resulting in one seaman being killed and one being wounded. Haines asserts that the demolition of the town of Bir Ahmed [Bi’r Aḥmad] would be a ‘just act of retribution’ for the murder, but as its ‘Chief’ is a vassal of the Abdali Sultan [of Lahej], Haines deemed the correct course of action to be to leave the punishment in the hands of the Abdali SultanHaines reporting that he had made the following demands of the Sultan of Lahidge: that Baghi bin Abdulla should be delivered into his custody until Government should decide on his punishment; and that Sheik Hydra bin Medhi [Shaikh Ḥaydarah bin Mahdī] of Bir Ahmed should be replaced by another Chief subordinate to the Abdali Sultan of Lahidge, since Sheik Hydra bin Medhi has shown a ‘turbulent and inimical spirit’ towards the British, and Haines asserts he had approved of Baghi bin Abdulla’s conduct and connived at his escape to the Subeihi [Subayhi] countryThe delivery of a letter from Viscount Palmerston, British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and a box containing 300 Sovereigns, to the King of Shoa [Shewa].The correspondence is between the following: the Government of Bombay; Haines; the Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General, Sir Henry Miers Elliot; HM Consul General of Egypt, Charles Augustus Murray; Lord Palmerston; Captain J P Sanders, Senior Naval Officer at Aden; and Commander John Stephens, commanding the Auckland.Enclosure Nos. 16-17, listed in the abstract of contents as copies of the Bombay Overland Timesand the Bombay Overland Telegraph and Courierdated 25 June 1850, are recorded as missing in a note dated 31 October 1906.Physical description: 1 item (37 folios)
26. Kelat, Candahar and Herat Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 54 of 1856, dated 28 July 1856. The enclosures are dated 19 June-7 July 1856.The enclosures chiefly comprise letters from Lieutenant-Colonel John Jacob, Acting Commissioner in Sind [Sindh] to the Secretary to the Government of India, copied to the Government of Bombay. Jacob forwards intelligence he has received regarding the state of affairs in Herat, Candahar [Kandahar, also spelled this way in this item] and Kelat [Kalat, also spelled Khelat in this item], notably:Intelligence obtained by the Acting Political Superintendent North West Frontier, written by Moolla Ahmed [Mullā Aḥmad], the Wukkeel [vakil, representative] of the Khan of Kelat and the Wukkeel’s son, stating that an approaching Persian [Iranian] force threatens the territories of the Khan of Kelat. Included are copies of the letters in Persian with English translations (ff 442-443 and ff 445-446)Four original translations of letters (ff 452-460) forwarded to Jacob with the original Persian letters (not present in this item) by Captain William Lockyer Merewether, Acting Political Superintendent on the Frontier of Upper Sind, which allege that: the Persian Army has captured Herat; a detachment of the Persian Army, in support of the ex-Sirdars [sirdārs, leaders] of Candahar, is approaching Candahar with the aim of ousting Ameer Dost Mahomed [Amīr Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy] and replacing him with Rehimdil Khan [Raḥam Dil Khān]; and the ‘uncivil people of the red face [English]’ who did not help the Candahar sirdars will ‘suffer a similar fate’ in ‘Hindoostan’ [India] at the hands of Persia (f 455). Also included is Merewether’s admission that information relating to the taking of Ghorian [Ghurian or Ghoryan] and investment of Herat was obtained orally from his conversations with Moolla Ahmed but was accidentally added to the translation of the first letterAn extract of a letter from the Khan of Kelat to Moolla Ahmed, residing in Jacobabad, forwarded to Jacob by Merewether, in which the Khan of Kelat reports that the Wuzzeer [vizier, minister] of Herat has thrown into confinement the Ruler of Herat and his household, plundered all his property, caused coinage to be minted in the name of the Persian King [Shāh], and hopes to be Governor of the city. The Khan also reports that ex-Sirdars of Candahar, Khooshdil Khan [Luynab, ʿAbd al-Hamid, Khushdil Khan] and Mahomed Omer Khan [Muḥammad Omar Khān Muḥammadzāy] and others have been captured by Dost Mahomed Khan’s soldiers, but that Rehimdil Khan is still at large in Ghilzee [Ghilji] country.Also included in this item is a letter from Jacob apologising for the tone of his previous letter and insisting that no disrespect was intended.Physical description: 1 item (25 folios)
27. Correspondence of Harford Jones
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains:1. Notes on a meeting between Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], and the Pasha [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] on 6 June 1802. The meeting mainly concerns the recent sack of Meshed Hossein [Shrine of Imām Huṣayn bin ‘Alī, Karbala] by the Wahabys [Wahhābī movement] and the possibility of a Persian [Iranian] expedition against the Wahabys via Bagdad. Jones offers to liaise with Persian representatives on the issue.2. A translation of a letter from Harford Jones to Meerza Bozurg [Mīrzā ‘Īsá Khān Farāhānī, Vizier to the Crown Prince of Persia] dated 12 July 1802. Jones advises against a Persian campaign against the Wahaby via Bagdad in light of logistical difficulties and the threat from Russia in the Caucasus, instead suggesting a route via Bahrein [Bahrain].3. A translation of a letter from Harford Jones to Meerza Reza Kooli [Mīrzā Rezā Qulī Navā’ī Munshī al-Mamālik, Principal Secretary to the Shah of Persia], repeating the above argument regarding the proposed campaign against the Wahaby4. A translation of a letter from an informant of Harford Jones ‘employed to the Northward’, dated 4 June 1802. The informant reports Russian movements in the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea and developments in Khorassan [Khorasan].Duplicates of these documents are catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/248.Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
28. Correspondence of Harford Jones
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains:1. Notes on a meeting between Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], and the Pasha [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] on 6 June 1802. The meeting mainly concerns the recent sack of Meshed Hossein [Shrine of Imām Huṣayn bin ‘Alī, Karbala] by the Wahabys [Wahhābī movement] and the possibility of a Persian [Iranian] expedition against the Wahabys via Bagdad. Jones offers to liaise with Persian representatives on the issue.2. A translation of a letter from Harford Jones to Meerza Bozurg [Mīrzā ‘Īsá Khān Farāhānī, Vizier to the Crown Prince of Persia] dated 12 July 1802. Jones advises against a Persian campaign against the Wahaby via Bagdad in light of logistical difficulties and the threat from Russia in the Caucasus, instead suggesting a route via Bahrein [Bahrain].3. A translation of a letter from Harford Jones to Meerza Reza Kooli [Mīrzā Rezā Qulī Navā’ī Munshī al-Mamālik, Principal Secretary to the Shah of Persia], repeating the above argument regarding the proposed campaign against the Wahaby4. A translation of a letter from an informant of Harford Jones ‘employed to the Northward’, dated 4 June 1802. The informfant reports Russian movements in the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea and developments in Khorassan [Khorasan].Duplicates of these documents are catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/256.Physical description: 1 item (5 folios)
29. Abstract of rukums from the Shah of Persia to the Prince of Shiraz
- Description:
- Abstract: An abstract of two rukums [raqms, chancery letters] from Futteh Aly Shah [Fatḥ-‘Alī Shāh Qājār, Shāh of Persia] to the Prince Regent of Shiraz [Ḥusayn ‘Alī Mīrzā Farmānfarmā, Prince-Governor of Fars], sent from Subzewar [Sabzevar] and dated 9 and 12 Moharram/1 and 4 June 1800.The abstract reports on the progress of the Shah’s campaign in Khorassan [Khorasan], including the submission to the Shah of all local rulers except the rulers of Meshed [Mashhad] and Chenneron [Chenaran], troop movements, and the expected arrival of Afghan envoys at the Shah’s camp.The abstract is signed Captain John Malcolm, Envoy of the Governor-General of Bengal to Persia [Iran], and dated Shiraz, 29 June 1800.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
30. Copies of Letters from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, to the Government of India
- Description:
- Abstract: Copies of letters from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, to the Government of India, dating from June 1826 to August 1826. Contained within are copies of six letters, numbered 7-9, 12, 14 and 15, from Macdonald Kinneir to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, and two letters, one of which is numbered 11, from Macdonald-Kinneir to the Governor-General of India, Lord Amherst. The letters concern the journey of Macdonald Kinneir’s mission to the Court of the Shah of Persia and the outbreak of war between Russia and Persia over a territorial dispute in the Caucasus [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828], covering a period preceding and succeeding the outbreak of war. Included are details of:The illness and death of members of Macdonald Kinneir’s entourageMacdonald Kinneir’s views on the possible course and outcome of war between Russia and PersiaThe question of Great Britain paying a subsidy to Persia upon the outbreak of war with RussiaThe outbreak of war between Persia and Russia, and Persian military operations against RussiaThe outbreak of rebellions in territories ceded to Russia by the Treaty Gulistan in 1813, including Dagistan [Dagestan], Shirwan [Shirvan], Shekee [Sheki], Karabaugh [Karabakh], and the involvement of the former rulers of these territoriesReports of the alleged arrest of the Russian envoy sent to Persia to negotiate the territorial dispute, Prince Minchikoff [Prince Aleksandr Sergeevich Menshikov]Macdonald Kinneir’s planned intercession on behalf of Russian prisoners of war.Also detailed is a report of negotiations between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, and of the rebellion and dissolution of the Ottoman Janissaries.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 1, in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 6 September 1826 (IOR/L/PS/9/70/131).Physical description: 1 item (12 folios)
31. Copy of Dispatch No. 18 from HM Chargé d'Affaires to Persia, Henry Willock, in camp at Ardebil, to HM Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, George Canning
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 18 from HM Chargé d’Affaires to Persia [Iran], Henry Willock, in camp at Ardebil [Ardabil], to HM Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, George Canning, of 18 August 1826. The letter concerns the opening stages of the war between Russia and Persia, which has broken out due to the disputed frontier. The letter reports the departure of the Russian envoy to Persia, Prince Minchikoff [Prince Aleksandr Sergeevich Menshikov], from Persia following the unfavourable conclusion of negotiations, and details the Persian successes following the opening of hostilities, including:The Persian occupation of Talish [Talysh] following an uprising by the local populationMilitary developments in Carabagh [Karabakh], Sheerivan [Shirvan] and Daghestan [Dagestan]The driving away of Russian troops from disputed territory at the lake of Gokcha [Lake Sevan]The Governor-General of Georgia, General Yermoloff [General Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov], having remained with his troops at Tiflis [Tbilisi]The nomination of an officer by the Shah of Persia [Fath-‘Ali Shāh Qājār] to travel to Constantinople [Istanbul] to encourage the Ottoman Empire to declare war on Russia.The letter also originally enclosed copies of correspondence between Prince Minchikoff and Willock concerning a gift of a crystal couch for the Shah (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/70/112-113).This document was originally enclosed in Willock’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 20 August 1826 (IOR/L/PS/9/70/109).Physical description: 1 item (6 folios)
32. Copy of Dispatch No. 22 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp near Ahar, to the Chief Secretary to the Supreme Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 22 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp near Ahar, to the Chief Secretary to the Supreme Government of India, George Swinton, of 5 October 1826. In the letter, Macdonald Kinneir details his audience with the Shah of Persia [Fath-‘Ali Shāh Qājār], in which the Shah reports the defeat of the Persian army [led by the Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār] by Russia in the Caucasus, and requests that Macdonald Kinneir make representations to the Governor-General of India, Lord Amherst, for supplies of weapons and other military stores with which to fight Russia. Macdonald Kinneir also details his reply to the Shah, in which he indicates that recent fighting in India and Britain’s friendly relations with Russia would make it difficult to meet his request. He also details the advice he gave to the Shah for the defence of Persia, including recommendations to muster troops from across Persia, improve defences on the frontier with Russia, and to conduct an irregular campaign against Russian forces.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 2, in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 13 October 1826 (IOR/L/PS/9/70/151).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
33. Copy of Dispatch No. 49 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 49 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 1 June 1827. The letter originally enclosed papers concerning the ongoing war between Russia and Persia in the Caucasus [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828] and other matters (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/3-10). This letter concerns the ongoing war, detailing the Russian siege of Erivan [Yerevan], giving an account of a battle between Russian and Persian forces, and reporting on the movements of the army of the Shah of Persia [Fatḥ-‘Alī Shāh Qājār]. The letter also covers: military events in Dagistan [Dagestan]; the disgrace of the former Vizier to the Prince-Governor of Fars, Mahomed Zekee Khan [Muḥammad Zakī Khān], resulting from a dispute with British officials over the imprisonment of Sheikh Abdool Russool of Bushire [Shaikh of Bushehr, Shaikh ʿAbd al-Rasūl Khān]; and an incident in which an individual bearing letters from the Government of India to Macdonald Kinneir was ‘plundered’ by ‘banditti’. A postscript also details the capture of communications between Russian generals (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/9-10).This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 22 June 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/1).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
34. Copy of Dispatch No. 53 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp at Karatuppa, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 53 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, at the Royal Camp at Karatuppa [Qareh Tappeh], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 8 June 1827. The letter concerns the ongoing war between Russia and Persia [Russo-Persian War 1826-1828], reporting the assumption of command of the Russian army on campaign by General Paskevitch [General Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erivansky], and his advance towards Nukshirvan [Nakhchivan], pursued by the army of Hussan Khan [Ḥasan Qulī Khān Qājār]. The letter also details the capture of a Russian supply convoy by Hussan Khan’s troops, and reports the Shah of Persia’s intention to advance to Khoee [Khoy] to meet Abbas Meerza [Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār] to discuss the war.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 1, in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 10 July 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/21).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
35. Copy of Dispatch No. 70 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 70 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 8 October 1827. Macdonald Kinneir relates news from the Prince Royal [ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār, Crown Prince of Persia] of the capture of the fortress of Sirdarabad [Sardari Berd, or Sardar’s Fortress] by Russia, and the renewed siege of Erivan [Yerevan] by General Paskevitch [General Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erivansky, Governor-General of Georgia]. Macdonald Kinneir reports that he will, at the Prince Royal’s request, travel to Khoee [Khoy], and indicates his belief that the Prince Royal has no option but to quickly accede to the peace terms offered by the Russians at Abbasabad [ʿAbbasabad] (see IOR/L/PS/9/71/34 and 37).The letter also originally enclosed copies of letters from the Prince Royal (now catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/76-82).This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s dispatch No. 26 to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 5 November 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/72).Physical description: 1 item (1 folio)
36. Copy of Dispatch No. 71 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia, Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Khoee, to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton
- Description:
- Abstract: Copy of dispatch No. 71 from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Khoee [Khoy], to the Chief Secretary to the Government of India, George Swinton, of 12 October 1827. Macdonald Kinneir provides updated information regarding the fall of Sirdarabad [Sardari Berd, or Sardar’s Fortress], the details given in his previous report being incorrect (see IOR/L/PS/9/71/75), and describes the military situation in the ongoing war between Russia and Persia [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828]. He reports the desertion and subsequent capture of Sirdarabad by Russia following a mutiny by troops from Irak [Arak], and details the ongoing siege of Erivan [Yerevan] and the strong Russian position along the line of the Arras [River Aras]. He also describes the weak military position of the Persians, detailing the retirement of the forces of the Shah of Persia [Fatḥ-‘Alī Shāh Qājār] back to Tahran [Tehran], and the inability of the Prince [Crown Prince of Persia, ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār] to pay for the upkeep of his army, both of which have allowed the Russians to advance unopposed.This document was originally enclosed in Macdonald Kinneir’s dispatch No. 26 to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 5 November 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/72).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
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