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1. ‘Persian Gulf. Duty on Horses and Mules.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from a Bombay [Mumbai] Political Consultation, 4 June 1845. The papers contained in this item are partial enclosures to a Political Letter sent from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 10 June 1845. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2122/100076, alongside details of further enclosures.The item relates to rumours that customs duties, at Shiraz, on the exportation of horses and mules from Persia [Iran] to India are going to increase little by little with the intention of eventually stopping this export altogether. These rumours are reported by Mirza Reza [Mīrzā Reżā], Acting Agent at Shiraz. Zal Beg [Zāl Beg], a Persian dealer involved in the trade, has also complained about the rise in duties to Lieutenant-Colonel Justin Sheil, HM Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary at the Court of Persia. The question of whether the rumoured new regulations could be applied to English subjects is raised, since this may go against the terms of the commercial treaty existing between Great Britain and Persia.The correspondents are: Hennell, Sheil, and Mirza Reza.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5061, Draft 29/46, Coll[ection]: 23, Vol: 4’, ‘Collection No. 3 of No. 62’ and ‘Examiner's Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 465, and terminates at f 471, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
2. 'Mesopotamia Remounts'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file contains memoranda, with some correspondence and copy telegrams, relating to the supply of horses, mules and ponies for the cavalry, infantry and artillery in Mesopotamia [Iraq] (the supply of animals for the Mesopotamia Campaign was undertaken by the Government of India).Notably covers rates of horse wastage in Mesopotamia, statistics of which were regarded by the War Office as unduly high; requirement estimates and requests by General Officer Commanding, Mesopotamia, in view of prospective military operations; difficulty in maintaining supply of remounts; shipping logistics; desire to expedite shipments of animals to factor in acclimatisation periods; proposals to send out inspecting and advising officers to Mesopotamia to improve efficiency of horse management; provision of additional remount staff and veterinary officers; and ensuring remount requirements for India itself whilst meeting demands of Mesopotamia campaign.The papers indicate that horses, mules and ponies were supplied from China, Australia, India and North America.The papers indicate that ‘wastage’ meant animals killed, died or destroyed. The main causes, apart from military engagement, were long hours in saddle, insufficient water and food, insufficient rest and feeding time, unsatisfactory standards of horsemanship and poor horse management.The primary correspondents are: the Commander-in-Chief, India; the War Office; the General Officer Commanding, Mesopotamia; and General Headquarters, Salonika.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 68; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are written in coloured crayon.