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37. Correspondence regarding the Napoleonic Wars
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of five letters:1. A letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Captain John Malcolm, Envoy of the Governor-General of Bengal to Persia [Iran], sent from Bagdad and dated 24 August 1800.The letter reports news of the Napoleonic Wars, including:The assassination of Jean-Baptiste Kléber, commanding officer of the French occupation forces in Egypt, and his replacement by General Jacques-François MenouMenou’s refusal to observe the Convention of Alarish [Al-‘Arish] until orders are received from the new Government in France [the Consulate]The sighting of a large force of Greeks and Copts at the French campDevelopments in Europe, including the departure of the French fleet from Brest and the possibility of an armistice between France and Austria.2. A letter from Jones to Malcolm sent from Bagdad and dated 8 September 1800, forwarding correspondence addressed to Malcolm and his assistant Richard Strachey (not enclosed).3. A translation of an official note from Soliman Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] to Harford Jones, dated 24 August 1800. Soliman Pashaw requests clarification concerning rumours of the dispatch of a British force to Bussora [Basra].4. A letter from Harford Jones to Soliman Pashaw dated 25 August 1800. Jones denies knowledge of any plans to dispatch British forces to Bussora, stating that such a matter would have to be decided between the British and Ottoman governments and pledging to write to Bussora seeking an explanation.5. A letter from Harford Jones to Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora, sent from Bagdad and dated 26 August 1800. The letter forwards the above letters (nos. 3 and 4) between Jones and Soliman Pashaw and asks Manesty for an explanation.Physical description: 1 item (6 folios)
38. Correspondence concerning the Napoleonic Wars
- Description:
- Abstract: An abstract of the Treaty of Peace signed at Lunéville on 9 February 1801 between the French Republic and Austria [Holy Roman Empire], describing territorial changes and other peace conditions. The abstract was copied by Peter Tooke, Agent of the East India Company in Constantinople [Istanbul].Attached are:A note from Baron Minto, HM Envoy Extraordinary to Austria, dated 2 March 1801. Minto reports rumours of a French proposal for a combined Franco-Russian attack on India via Persia [Iran], and that Valerian Zubow [Valerian Aleksandrovich Zubov], commander of the 1796 expedition to Persia, has been called to Petersbourg [Saint Petersburg] to discuss this proposal.A note from Peter Tooke (undated) discussing the cession of the former Venetian islands [Ionian Islands] to the [Holy Roman] Emperor.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
39. Correspondence of Harford Jones
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of thirteen letters to or from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad]:1. A letter from Brigadier-General George Koehler to Harford Jones, sent from the headquarters of the Vizier [Yūsuf Ẓīa al-Dīn Pasha, Grand Vizier to the Ottoman Sulṭān] at Jaffa and dated 2 August 1800. The letter covers issues relating to the Napoleonic Wars, including support from the Pacha of Bagdad [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] for the Vizier’s campaign; developments in Europe including the capture of Malta by British and Allied forces; planned operations against the French occupation forces in Egypt; and the state of affairs in Egypt.2. A letter from Harford Jones to Captain John Malcolm, Envoy of the Governor-General of Bengal to Persia [Iran], sent from Bagdad and dated 6 October 1800. The letter reports an attack on the cossid [messenger] carrying Malcolm’s dispatches at Kerman Shah [Kermanshah] and forwards various correspondence. Jones also reports that the Acts of Union between Britain and Ireland have received Royal Assent.3. A letter from Harford Jones to Captain John Malcolm, sent from Bagdad and dated 24 October 1800. The letter forwards various correspondence, including news of the capture of Malta, and discusses arrangements for paying the expenses of Malcolm’s mission.4. A copy of a letter from Lord Elgin, HM Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, to Harford Jones, sent from Constantinople [Istanbul] and dated 28 September 1800. The letter addresses concerns raised by the Pacha of Bagdad concerning rumours of the dispatch of a British force to Bussora [Basra].5. A copy of a letter from Lord Elgin to Harford Jones, sent from Constantinople and dated 27 September 1800. The letter describes the capture of Malta by British and Allied forces, and reports developments in the Napoleonic Wars in Germany and Denmark.6. A copy of a letter from Captain John Malcolm to Harford Jones, sent from a camp near Isfahaun [Esfahan] and dated 27 September 1800. The letter reports the progress of Malcolm’s mission in Persia.7. A copy of a letter from Rear-Admiral John Blankett, Commander of the British naval squadron in the Red Sea, to Harford Jones, sent from HMS Leopardat Jedda [Jeddah] and dated 12 July 1800. The letter reports moves by the Sheriffe [Sharīf] of Mecca to assert his independence from the Porte [Government of the Ottoman Empire]. Blankett states that there is no likelihood of receiving support from the Sheriffe in the campaign against the French occupation forces in Egypt.8. A letter from Robert Rickards, Secretary to the Government of Bombay, to Harford Jones, sent from Bombay Castle [Mumbai] and dated 1 August 1800. The letter reports that the Governor of Bombay will mediate in the dispute between the Pashaw of Bagdad [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā] and the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat [Sulṭān bin Aḥmad Āl Bū Sa’īd]. It also states that supplies and a detachment of guards have been dispatched from Bombay to the Bagdad Residency and that Jones is free either to leave or remain in Bagdad in response to the plague outbreak.9. A letter from Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora, to Harford Jones, sent from Bussora and dated 6 September 1800. The letter concerns rumours of the dispatch of a British force to Bussora. Manesty reports that he conceived this idea as a means of supporting the campaign against the French occupation forces in Egypt and discussed the idea with the Mussaleem [Mutasallim, Governor] of Bussora.10. A letter from Harford Jones to Samuel Manesty, sent from Bagdad and dated 28 September 1800. Jones reports that he has passed on Manesty’s explanation to the Pashaw of Bagdad.11. A letter from John Barker, Proconsul in Aleppo, to Harford Jones, sent from Aleppo and dated August 1800. The letter concerns George Anastasio, a Hungarian traveller who has arrived in Aleppo and is travelling towards India via Bagdad and Bussora.12. A letter from John Barker to Harford Jones, sent from Aleppo and dated 24 September 1800. The letter reports that General Jacques-François Menou, commanding officer of the French occupation forces in Egypt, is planning an attack on Ottoman Syria. Barker expects Syria to be overrun, expressing a lack of faith in the Ottoman army at Jaffa and describing a split in the Ottoman ranks caused by Gezzar Pasha [Aḥmad Pāshā al-Jazzār, Governor of Sidon].13. A letter from Harford Jones to Henry Fawcett, Accountant-General and Civil Auditor of the Government of Bombay, sent from Bagdad and dated 30 September 1800. The letter concerns advances of money lent by Jones to the East India Company.Attached are tables displaying account disbursements for July and August 1800 and the Company’s cash account with Jones.Physical description: 1 item (16 folios)
40. Enclosure in Sir Harford Jones's Letter No. 1 of 3 Feb 1810
- Description:
- Abstract: A translation of a letter from Hajee Mohammed Hussein Khan Ameen ed Dowlah [Muhammad Hossein Khān Amīn al-Dawlah], Second Minister of Persia [Iran], to Sir Harford Jones, HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia, received 7 January 1810. Following the conclusion of an alliance [Preliminary Treaty] with Britain, the letter reports the expulsion of the French representative Jouanin from Azarbaijan [Āzerbāījān] and the recall of Asker Khan [‘Askar Khān Afshār], Persian Ambassador to France, and asserts that Captain Charles Pasley, also present in the country as Political Agent of the Governor-General of Bengal, will be spurned by the Persian Court.Enclosed in the above are two further letters from the Ameen ed Dowlah, professing friendship and addressing Jones's bills for subsidy payments which have been rejected by the East India Company.The letter and enclosures were enclosed in Jones's Letter No. 1 to the Secret Committee of the Court of Directors of the East India Company dated 3 February 1810.Physical description: 1 item (3 folios)
41. Enclosure in Sir Harford Jones's Letter No. 5 of 26 Mar 1810
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Sir Harford Jones, HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia [Iran] to Lord Minto, Governor-General of Bengal, sent from Tauris [Tabrīz] and dated 30 January 1810. The letter forwards correspondence relating to the Napoleonic Wars in Europe (not included in this item).The letter was enclosed in Jones's letter No. 5 to the Secret Committee of the Court of Directors of the East India Company dated 26 March 1810.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
42. Enclosure in Sir Harford Jones’s letter of 14 September 1810
- Description:
- Abstract: Extracts from an anonymous letter in French dated 26 May 1810, containing reports from the Court of Russia. The letter reports Russia’s hopes for a swift end to the wars on its southern flank with Turkey [Ottoman Empire] and Persia [Iran]; the expectation of an armistice with Persia and the demand for the cession of Georgia and Erivan [Yerevan]; the expected arrival of a Persian Ambassador in Saint Petersburg; and Russia’s relations with France.The letter was enclosed in HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia [Iran], Sir Harford Jones’s secret letter of 14 September 1810, which was received on 6 February 1811.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
43. Enclosures in Letter No.3 from Sir Harford Jones, Envoy to Persia, to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures in Letter No. 3 from Sir Harford Jones, British Envoy Extraordinary to Persia [Iran], to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control, dated March 1809, consisiting of:A letter from Jones to Lord Minto, Governor-General of Bengal, dated 18 February 1809, reporting Jones’s arrival and reception in Tehran, the departure of the French mission under General Gardane, and Jones’s expectation of beginning negotiations with Persian ministers after the commemoration of Ashooreh [Ashūrā]A declaration by Gardane dated 17 December 1807, describing Franco-Persian treaty engagements in the context of the Russo-Persian War (1804-1813) and Napoleonic War.A bulletin sent by Gardane from Tabreez [Tabrīz] describing French victories in Spain and Portugal, strong French relations with Russia, and conflict between British forces and the Maratha Confederacy in central India (in French)A letter detailing the terms of subsidy and military assistance offered by Jones to Persian ministers during negotiations in March 1809.The second and third enclosures are written in French.Physical description: 1 item (12 folios)
44. Enclosures in Sir Harford Jones's Letter No. 4 to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures in Letter No. 4 from Sir Harford Jones, British Envoy Extraordinary to Persia [Iran], to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control, dated 1809. These consist of copies of letters and enclosures from General Claude-Mathieu Gardane, French Envoy to Persia, to the King [Shah] of Persia [Fath-'Ali Shāh Qājār] and Mirza Chéfy [Mīrzā Muḥammad Shafī' Māzandarānī], Prime Minister, sent from Tauris [Tabrīz], undated. The letters describe French victories in Spain and Portugal, strong relations between France and Russia, and the threat of insurrection in British-held territories in India, and urge Persia to side with France and expel the British from the country. These letters are written in French.Letters from Hājī Muhammad Husayn Khān Amīn al-Dawlah and Mīrzā Muḥammad Shafī' Māzandarānī to the East India Company, announcing the appointment of Mīrzā Abul Hassan as Persian Ambassador to London. These letters are written in Persian and were presented to the Chairman of the Court of Directors of the East India Company by the Persian Ambassador on 16 December 1809.Physical description: 1 item (8 folios)
45. Enclosures in letter No. 8 from Sir Harford Jones, Envoy to Persia, to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures in Letter No. 8 from Sir Harford Jones, British Envoy Extraordinary to Persia [Iran], to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control, dated 1809, consisting of:A copy of a letter from Brigadier-General John Malcolm to Sir Harford Jones, sent from Bombay [Mumbai] and dated 14 February 1809. The letter concerns Malcolm’s decision to delay his expedition to the Persian Gulf until further instructions are received from the Governor-General of Bengal.A copy of a letter from Lord Minto, Governor-General of Bengal, to Malcolm, sent from Fort William [Kolkata] and dated 17 January 1809, enclosed in the above letter. Minto reports French setbacks in the Napoleonic Wars in Europe and the effect of this on British strategic interest in Persia, orders the suspension of Malcolm’s planned expedition to the Gulf and occupation of the island of Karrack [Khārg], and repeats that Jones should withdraw from Persia.Physical description: 1 item (6 folios)
46. Enclosures to Bengal Secret Letters of 21 December 1808, 20 January and 3 April 1809
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence relating to affairs in Persia [Iran] and the Persian Gulph [Persian Gulf]. The principal correspondents are: Sir Harford Jones [later Jones-Brydges], Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Persia; Lord Minto [Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto], Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William; Neil Benjamin Edmonstone, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bengal; Brigadier-General Sir John Malcolm, Commander of the Expedition to the Persian Gulph; Captain Charles Pasley, Acting for Malcolm as Envoy to the Court of Persia; Jonathan Duncan, Governor in Council at Bombay; Francis Warden, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay; and Andrew Jukes, Surgeon and Acting Resident at Bushire [Bushehr, also spelled Bushere in this volume]. Further correspondence, included as enclosures, comes from: Jafer Ali Khan [Ja‘far ‘Alī Khān, various spellings in this volume], Native Agent at Schyras [Shiraz, various spellings in this volume]; Mahomed Nebee Khan [Muḥammad Nabī Khān Shirāzī, various spellings in this volume], Vizier of Schyras; Prince Hooseen Alee Meerza [Ḥusayn ‘Alī Mirzā Farmānfarmā, various spellings in this volume], Prince-Governor of Fars; the King of Persia [Fatḥ ʻAlī Shāh Qājār]; Nasr Oolah Khan [Naṣr-Allāh Khān Qaragūzlū, various spellings in this volume], Vizier to the Prince-Governor of Fars; Mohumed Hussein Khan Karagoozloo [Muḥammad Ḥusayn Khān Qaragūzlū, various spellings in this volume], a Persian official; Meerza Sheffee [Mirzā Shafi’ Māzandarāni], Grand Vizier (First Minister) to the King of Persia; and Claudius James Rich, Resident at Bagdad [Baghdad].The volume covers the following matters:The diplomatic mission of Harford Jones: his arrival and reception at Bushire; his journey to Schyras and onwards to Tehran; correspondence with Persian officials and royalty; discussion of possible treaty articles, particularly in connection to promises made by Malcolm and Pasley during their earlier diplomatic mission; discussion of the appropriate degree of ostentation the mission should adopt; and discussion of the appropriate style and form of communication to be used between Jones and Persian officialsThe progress and movements of the French Embassy in Persia, under General Gardanne [Claude-Matthieu, Comte de Gardane]European politics in connection with the Napoleonic Wars and specifically concerning relations between Britain, France, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire, including reports of the signing of the Treaty of Dardanelles, 5 January 1809, which brought an end to the Anglo-Ottoman War of 1807-09The Government of Bushire, including the removal of Shaik Abdoul Ressoul [Shaikh ‘Abd al-Rasūl Khān Āl Madhkūr] as Governor because of his treatment of MalcolmPolitical affairs in Persia, often reported by Jafer Ali Khan and his informantsMalcolm’s Expedition to the Gulph to establish a British naval and commercial settlement on the island of Karrack [Kharg, various spellings in this volume], including: the political reasons behind the expedition; the abandonment of the expedition and the disbanding of the expedition force at Bombay; how (erroneous) reports of Malcolm’s imminent arrival in the Gulph were (or might be) received in Persia and Bagdad, and the impact this might have on Jones’s missionEvents along Persia’s northern frontier, as part of the Russo-Persian War of 1804-13, particularly those at Erivan [Yerevan]Charges made by Lord Minto against the conduct of Jones and the latter's response to these charges.The letters found on folios 132-180 are duplicates of those found on folios 47-85.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 303; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading flyleaf.
47. Copy of a Letter from Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control, to the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Court of Directors
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control of the East India Company, to the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Court of Directors of the East India Company, dated 30 June 1807. The letter advises suspending the departure of Sir Harford Jones’s diplomatic mission to Persia [Iran] due to developments in Russia and Turkey [Ottoman Empire].Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
48. Copy of a Letter from Sir Harford Jones to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Sir Harford Jones, British Envoy Extraordinary to Persia [Iran], to Sir Robert Dundas, President of the Board of Control, sent from near Tauris [Tabrīz] and dated 19 July 1809. The letter forwards a copy of a communication from Meerza Sheffea [Mīrzā Muḥammad Shafī' Māzandarānī], Prime Minister of Persia, to the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire [Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha], and reports the arrival at the Persian Court of an embassy from Scind [Sindh].Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)