Abstract: The file consists of a report on the Pan-Turanian Movement by the Intelligence Bureau, Department of Information. It includes the following sections:a statistical table of Turkish-speaking populations;the origin of the name 'Pan-Turanian';Pan-Turanianism as Pan-Turkism;Turkish nationality in the Ottoman Empire;the beginnings of Turkish nationalism;the effects of the Balkan War;the policy of the Committee of Union and Progress [CUP];Turkish aims in the European War;Pan-Turanianism and Pan-Islamism;the prospects of Turkish irredentism abroad;the prospects of Turkification in the Ottoman Empire.Three appendices concern: the Kurds; Anti-Islamic tendencies in the Pan-Turanian Movement; and an open letter addressed to the Russian Minister for Foreign Affairs, by the Executive Committee of the All-Russian Mohammedan Council, on the proclamation by Italy of her protectorate over Albania.Also includes one map on folio 15: 'The Turanian-speaking Peoples'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 16; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Abstract: This second memorandum by Sir Frederic Arthur Hirtzel uses press reports to present a general view of the current situation in Turkey with regard to German involvement in the country. Various topics are discussed including the new currency, Turkish nationalism, the Deutsche-Türkisch Vereinigung [German-Turkish Association] annual conference and language laws.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 18, and terminates at f 21, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
Abstract: This file contains a brief from the British Consulate in Muscat on the movements of a possible member of a regional nationalist party, and its members in Muscat. However, the short exchange between the Political Resident in Bahrain and the Agent in Muscat indicates no immediate suspicion of intrigue.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 7; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file consists of a publication on the Turkish and Pan-Turkish ideal by Tekin Alp [Munis Tekinalp], Constantinople. Published by the Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Division. It includes a foreword and is divided into the following sections:Part I — Nature and historical development of the Turkish National Movement: Ottomanism and Pan-Islamism; the Turkish Movement before, during and after the Balkan War; the opposition; the organisation of the Turkish Movement; the economic organisation; the Government's part; and the Pan-Turkish ideal and Germanism.Part II — Thoughts on the nature and plan of a greater Turkey: the national consciousness; the awakening; the ideal; the Turkish ideal; the ideals of the new nation; the Turkish Irredenta; the idealists; the Turks of Azerbaijan; and the Caucasian Turks.Also includes one map on folio 26: 'The Pan-Turkish Ideal'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 27; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Abstract: This file contains papers relating to the tribal situation in Kurdistan in 1933, and an alleged increase in Kurdish nationalist feeling in 1940 in Iraq and Iran. The main correspondents are Alan Charles Trott (Military Attaché in Tehran) in 1933, and Reader William Bullard (HM Minister at Tehran) and Basil Cochrane Newton (British Ambassador at Baghdad) in 1940.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 9; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: This item relates to the seizure of the ‘reins of government’ (f 283) in Suleimaniyeh [As Sulaymaniyah, also spelled Suleman Iyeh in this item], south Kurdistan, 25 May 1919, during an uprising led by Sheikh Mahmud [Shaikh Maḥmūd Barzanjī], and British military operations leading to the British Mesopotamian Army occupying the Suleimaniyeh Valley in June 1919. The papers notably cover:British concerns about the Kurdish independence movement, including the purported influence of the Turkish Committee of Union and Progress and Persian Kurdistan, and the potential of ‘unrest’ to spread to other parts of Kurdistan and into British controlled MesopotamiaThe capture and imprisonment of British officers and staff in Suleimaniyeh, including a list of the missing and interned officers and NCOs [Non-Commissioned Officers] (see ff 251 and 244)British intelligence, regarding the level of Mahmud’s personal as opposed to political ambitions, and casting doubt on the degree of local support for himThe concentration of British forces at Kerkouk [Kirkuk] and Chemchemal [Chamchamal] and the desire of the military and political authorities in Baghdad to ‘crush’ (f 255) Mahmud’s movement, recapture Suleimaniyeh, and occupy the Suleimaniyeh ValleyThe refusal to allow Sheikh Mahmud’s delegates in Aleppo to proceed to Paris to argue the cause of Kurdish independenceThe British forces’ capture of the Bazyan Pass, advance to Suleiman Iyeh, and collapse of the rising including the arrest of Sheikh MahmudDiscussions concerning the extension of the railway from Kizilrobat [Qizil Ribat, also spelled Kizil Robat in this item] northwards towards Suleimaniyah in order to facilitate the British advance and occupationRestoration of the civil administration in Suleimaniyah by the end of August 1919 and British hopes that Kurdish nationalism will dissipate following Sheikh Mahmud’s military trial and imprisonment in India serving a ten-year sentenceDiscussions in 1921 between the Colonial Office, India Office, High Commissioner for Iraq, and Viceroy of India, on the desirability of reducing the penal sanction against Sheikh Mahmud, and the eventual agreement by the High Commissioner of Iraq to arrange his relocation, under surveillance, in Kuwait [also spelled Koweit in this item].The primary correspondents are the: General Officer Commanding in Mesopotamia; War Office; India Office; Office of the High Commissioner for Mesopotamia (later Iraq); Secretary of State for the Colonies; Secretary to the Government of Bombay [Mumbai], Political Department; Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign and Political Department; Political [Agent?], Baghdad; and General [Consul?], Baghdad.Physical description: 1 item (78 folios)