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1. 'AGREEMENT relating to the Sharjah Oil Concession'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of an agreement between the British Government and Petroleum Concessions Limited, consisting of eleven clauses which lay down conditions relating to the Sharjah Oil Concession.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 2; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
2. 'AGREEMENT relating to the Debai Oil Concession. HIS MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM and PETROLEUM CONCESSIONS LIMITED DATED 5TH February, 1937.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a copy of an agreement between the British Government and Petroleum Concessions Limited relating to oil concessions in Debai [Dubai].Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 5; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
3. 'AGREEMENT relating to the refining of crude oil. HIS MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED KINGDOM and PETROLEUM CONCESSIONS LIMITED DATED 5TH February, 1937.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a copy of an agreement between the British Government and Petroleum Concessions Limited relating to the refining of crude oil.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 3; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
4. 'DUBAI OIL CONCESSION AND CONNECTED DOCUMENTS'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a memorandum reproducing a commercial agreement between Petroleum Concessions Limited and the Shaikh of Dubai, in which rights are granted to the former to prospect for oil in the State of Dubai. The memorandum also reproduces a political agreement between the British Government and Petroleum Concessions Limited, and correspondence between the Political Agent, Bahrain, the Shaikh of Dubai, the India Office and Petroleum Concessions Limited, in which it is agreed that the terms of the oil concession shall remain subordinate to prior agreements made between Petroleum Concessions Limited and the British Government.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 10; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
5. 'Dated 3rd June, 1936. HIS EXCELLENCY SHAIKH Sir HAMAD BIN SHAIKH 'ISA AL KHALIFA, K.C.I.E., C.S.I., SHAIKH OF BAHRAIN AND THE BAHREIN PETROLEUM COMPANY LIMITED. DEED OF MODIFICATION OF LEASE [COPY] dated 29th December, 1934.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file consists of a copy of a modification made to a commercial lease between Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, Sheikh of Bahrein, and the Bahrein Petroleum Company, relating to oil and gas extraction rights on Bahrain Island.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 2; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
6. 'CONFIDENTIAL 86/31 VOL. B.64 OIL IN ITS RELATION TO THE MIDDLE EAST'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence and discussions regarding the economic and political situation in relation to oil in the Middle East during and immediately after the Second World War. At the centre of the discussions are talks which took place in Washington DC between US and UK government officials looking at the global importance of oil, which focused particularly on oil in the Middle East.The talks concluded with the production of a memorandum of understanding which was published 8 August 1944 as the Agreement on Petroleum between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, otherwise known as the Anglo-American Oil Agreement (1945).Also included in the volume is correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Charles Geoffrey Prior), the Secretary to the Government of India, External Affairs Department (Olaf Kirkpatrick Caroe), the India Office, and His Majesty’s Minister at Jeddah (Stanley Jordan) regarding two proposed pipelines. The first being the ‘trans-arabian pipeline’ which it was proposed would link the Middle East to the Mediterranean. The proposal was initially postponed owing to heavy criticism of it in the United States press but was later taken up by the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO). The second proposal from the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) and the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC, later renamed ARAMCO) was for a pipeline to take crude oil from Dhahran [Aẓ-Ẓahrān], Saudi Arabia to the BAPCO refinery at Bahrain.Also included is correspondence between the Chief Local Representative for BAPCO (Milton H Lipp, Ward P Anderson) and the Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (Charles Dalrymple Belgrave) regarding possible sites for the pipeline and the reservation of required land. Further discussion centred on the question of the eastern frontier of Saudi Arabia, which was in dispute, and whether His Majesty’s Government should look to tackle the matter at that time with the Saudi Arab Government or wait until the progress of the oil companies required its resolution. Jabal Naksh and Khor-al-Odaid [Khawr al ‘Udayd], which were claimed by Qatar and Abu Dhabi respectively, and whose claims were supported by His Majesty’s Government but contested by Saudi Arabia were discussed as being key areas in the frontier dispute.Another matter discussed in the volume was a visit paid by the Mission of the Petroleum Reserves Corporation to the Middle East. The Mission’s purpose was to review resources of petroleum in the Middle East and its itinerary included visits to Kuwait, Dhahran, and Bahrain. The mission was headed by Everette Lee Degoyler and also included the eminent geologists and petroleum experts Dr George Martin Lees, William Embry Wrather, and John Herhold Murrell.Other matters touched on in the volume include a request by ARAMCO to undertake a hydrographic survey of the coast line of the Kuwait Neutral Zone; the possibility of resuming oil field production in Qatar and Kuwait provided the necessary equipment could be obtained from the USA; articles published in American journals and newspapers regarding the global oil situation and oil in the Middle East; and a visit paid by Major Frank Holmes to Kuwait in 1944.Also included in the volume are a number of notes and memorandums relating to oil in the Middle East:notes produced at an oil conference in Cairo in 1944 which described oil production in Bahrain and Kuwait, they contained a number of inaccuracies and were re-written by the Political Agents for Bahrain and Kuwait with assistance from the Chief Local Representatives of the Bahrain Petroleum Company and the Kuwait Oil Company;The future of oil in its relation to the Middle East; memorandum produced by Arthur Charles Hearn, Admiralty, 11 October 1940 (ff 9-21);Note on present oil position in Persian Gulfby Commodore John Montagu Howson, Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf (ff 103-104 );Memorandum on the oil concessions in the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf,by the External Department, India Office, 13 Mar 1944 (ff 126-134);A survey of the oil resources in the Middle East(With map and graph), Research Department, Foreign Office, 28 Feb 1945 (ff 239-250);Iraq Oil(ff 257-267).A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 272-283.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 7-270; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
7. 'Oil Jetty-Mina el Ahmedi.' Photographer: Arthur Edward Broadbent Parsons
- Description:
- Abstract: Genre/Subject Matter:Image of the oil jetty at Mina Al-Ahmadi, Kuwait.Inscriptions:Below image, in pen: ‘'Oil Jetty-Mina el Ahmedi’Below image, in pencil: ‘496’Physical description: Dimensions:54 x 78 mmCondition:The image is in good condition.Foliation:‘496’Process:Silver gelatin print
8. 'His Excellency SHEIKH HAMAD BIN SHEIKH ISSA AL KHALIFAH SHEIKH of BAHREIN AND THE BAHREIN PETROLEUM COMPANY LIMITED. LEASE [COPY]'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file is a copy of a commercial lease between Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, Sheikh of Bahrein, and the Bahrein Petroleum Company, in which the Sheikh grants to the company the exclusive right for fifty-five years to drill for, extract, treat, refine, and deal with petroleum products and natural gas within the portion of Bahrain Island delineated on the accompanying map.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 10; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located at the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
9. 'Assurances, Undertakings and Agreements, Etc., Made by Certain Chiefs and Khans of Southern Persia with the British Government and Certain British Trading Companies'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is a printed report, published by the Government of India Press (Calcutta: 1926), constituting a collection of assurances, undertakings and agreements made by chiefs and Khans of Southern Persia with the British Government and trading companies between 1898 and 1922. The volume is marked 'Confidential' on the front cover and contains a table of contents (folios 4-5). The agreements, some appearing in both Persian and English, are ordered by serial number and they include:No. 1: Undertaking Given by Certain Notables of Luristan in regard to the Construction of Cart Road through Part of their Territory (8 June 1911);No. 2: Correspondence regarding Right of Option Granted to Persian Railway Syndicate by Persian Government for Construction of Certain Railway Lines (9 February 1913, 4 March 1913, and 10 January 1920);No. 3: Memorandum Regarding Concessions for Roads and Railways in South-West Persia up to 1917 (1917);No. 4: Persian Transport Company's Concession for the Construction of a Commercial Road Between Ahwaz and Tehran and the Establishment of a Transport Service thereon (5 August 1890);No. 5: Compensation for Loss of Pilotage Fees, Amounting to Ts. 2000 per annum to be paid to Haidar Khan, Hayat Daudi [Ḥaydar Khān Ḥayāt Dāwūdī], C I E (12 February 1920 and 26 February 1920);No. 6: Agreement Concluded between Messrs. Lynch Bros. and certain Bakhtiari Chiefs for the Construction and Maintenace of a Road from Ahwaz to Isfahan and Shushter [Shushtār] to Isfahan (3 March 1898);No. 7: D'Arcy Oil Concession (28 May 1901);No. 7(a): Translation of the D'Arcy Oil Concession (28 May 1901);No. 8: Agreement Between D'Arcy Syndicate and the Bakhtiari (15 November 1905);No. 8(a): Refusal of Persian Government to Recognize Agreement between the D'Arcy Syndicate and the Bakhriaris (12 January 1906);No. 8(b): Notes on the Bakhtiari Agreement of November 15 1905 (20 October 1906);No. 9: Agreement between Mr W[illiam] K[nox] D'Arcy and the Kili Sayyeds (1 October 1906);No. 10: Agreement between the Oil Company and H. E. Shahab-Es-Sultaneh, Ilbegi [Shihāb al-Sulṭānah Īlbagī] of the Bakhtiar (25 March 1907);No. 11: Land Agreement between the Oil Company and the Bakhtiari Khans (15 May 1911);No. 11(a): Power-of-Attorney Appointing Sardar Muhtesham [Sardār Muḥtasham] and Sardar Bahadur [Sardār Bahādur] as Agents of the Bakhtiari Khans (1910);No. 11(b): The Bakhtiari Khans' Orders to their Tribesmen Regarding the Oil Company's Employees (May 1911);No. 11(c): Undertaking made by the Bakhtiari Khans regarding the Kili Sayyeds (May 1911);No. 12: Agreement for Protection of Pipe-Line (28 April 1911);No. 13: Supplementary Agreement between Mr W K D'Arcy and the Kili Sayyeds (10 February 1911);No. 14: Agreement between the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and Parwiz Khan, Gunduzlu [Parvīz Khān Gunduzlū] (20 February 1911);No. 15: Agreement between the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the Wali of Pusht-i-Kuh (19 September 1919);No. 16: Land Aquisition Agreement between Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the Bakhiairi Khans (20 April 1921);No. 17: Agreement between the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and Haidar Khan, C I E, of Hayat Daud (6 October 1921, 22 October 1921, and 13 November 1921);No. 18: Agreement between the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the Kashkuli [Kashkūlī] Khans (14 October 1921);No. 19: Agreement between Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the Ilkhani of the Qashgais (20 May 1922).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
10. 'Memorandum on the Oil Concessions in the Arab Sheikhdoms'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed secret memorandum by the India Office, dated 13 March 1944, concerns oil concessions in the Arab sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf in the context of the United States of America's discussions on oil in the Middle East. The aim of the memorandum is to give an account of British interests, explain British relations with the rulers of the Persian Gulf states and British policy more generally, and describes various oil concessions that have been granted in these states.The memorandum, which is signed with the initials 'F.A.K.H' of the External Department of the India Office, consists of six sections: 'The Geographical Situation and Treaty position of the Sheikhdoms', including Koweit [Kuwait], Bahrein [Bahrain], Qatar, 'The seven petty Sheikhdoms of the Trucial Coast', and Muscat; 'Strategic importance of the Sheikhdom'; 'The nature of our relations with the Rulers and the importance of maintaining our present exclusive position'; 'Oil Concessions in the Gulf'; 'HMG's interests in the oil concessions'; and 'US interests in the Persian Gulf'.This first section of the memorandum is followed by an appendix entitled 'Details of the Oil Concessions granted in the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf' (folios 6-9) and is divided into sections covering Bahrain, Kuwait, Dubai, Sharjah, Kalba, Ras-al-Khaimah [Ras al-Khaymah], Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Umm al Quwaim [Umm al-Qaywayn], Qatar, and Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 1 and terminates at folio 9, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: The item also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
11. 'Mosul Question, Lausanne 1922-1923 and after - Papers, despatches, speeches - Hotel de la Mer at Lausanne - Correspondence about oil'
- Description:
- Abstract: Letters and papers on the frontier between Iraq (also written as Irak in the file) and Turkey, with particular reference to Mosul and questions concerning oil. The file consists mainly of correspondence between Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs George Curzon, and officials in the Foreign Office, Air Ministry, Colonial Office and Ismet Pasha [Mustafa İsmet İnönü]. The contents of the file are as follows:Sir John Evelyn Shuckburgh to Curzon (15 November 1922). Letter enclosing paper setting out main arguments against evacuating IraqEric Graham Forbes Adam for Curzon (3 December 1922). Interview with Mukhtar Bey [Mukhtār Beg]; submission of draft telegrams to Foreign OfficeSir William Tyrrell to Foreign Office (Memo, 3 December 1922, circulated to the Cabinet); interview with Ismet Pasha, 28 November 1922Air Staff for Cabinet (5 December 1922). Note: on Sir John Salmond’s proposal for a Forward Policy in the event of Turkish invasion of Iraq or a Resumption of Hostilities with Turkey, 4 December 1922Curzon to Foreign Office (6 December 1922). Telegram, 5 December 1922Middle East Department (7 December 1922). Note: Mosul – on above telegramForeign Office to Curzon (8 December 1922). Telegram: MosulCurzon to Ismet Pasha (14 December 1922). Letter: enclosing Memo on Mosul Vilayet: reasons for refusing Turkish claimCurzon for Cabinet (26 December 1922). Curzon for Cabinet. Memo presented to Ismet Pasha on Mosul, 14 December 1922Curzon to Cabinet (27 December 1922). Letter: Ismet Pasha to Curzon enclosing reply to British memo, 23 December 1922Curzon for Cabinet (28 December 1922). Letter: Ismet Pasha enclosing counter reply, 26 December 1922Ismet Pasha (29 December 1922). Letter with annexed MemoCurzon for Cabinet (1 January 1923). Letter Ismet Pasha to CurzonSir Percy Cox to Colonial Office (30 December 1922)Sir Philip Lloyd-Greame to Sir Sydney Chapman (1 January 1923). Letter: possibility of settlement on basis of oil concessions to Turks and ItaliansEric Graham Forbes Adam for Curzon (4 January 1923). Memo: conversation with Reader William Bullard and three Turkish expertsSir E Crowe to Curzon (3 January 1923). Telegram: from Colonial Office: oilMr Lyndsay to Curzon (4 January 1923). Telegram: paraphrase of Colonial Office telegram to Bagdad [Baghdad], 2 JanuaryCurzon to Colonial Office (5 January 1923). Telegram: oilSir Ronald William Graham to Curzon (8 January 1923). Letter: (printed for Cabinet) to Curzon: Italian pressReader William Bullard to Curzon (9 January 1923). Note: MosulSir Auckland Geddes (12 January 1923) Telegram: American attitudeNotes by Curzon (16 January 1923). Handwritten: visit of Aga Petros to Ismet PashaShuckburgh to Forbes Adam (18 January 1923). Letter enclosing draft of telegram to CurzonForbes Adam for Curzon (18 January 1923). Note attaching statement of the history and position with regard to the Mandates in Syria and Iraq and the question of frontiersBritish Case for Northern Frontier of Iraq with Map (19 January 1923). Folder containing notes ‘mostly taken from the memoranda which you (i.e. Curzon) exchanged with Ismet Pasha’ – December 1922Forbes Adam for Curzon (20 January 1923). Note: Plebiscite and MosulForbes Adam for Curzon: ‘Note attaching detailed minute as to the oil in Iraq and the history and present position of the claim of the Turkish Petroleum Company’Mr Childs's Statement for the American representatives (23 January 1923)Daily Telegraphcutting on League of Nations and Mosul Problem (27 January 1923)Curzon for Cabinet (26 January 1923). Speech: reply to Ismet Pasha respecting Mosul, 23 January 1923Secretary of State for Colonies to Acting High Commissioner for Iraq (26 January 1923). Paraphrase: telegram: British proposal that question of Northern Frontier of Iraq should be referred to the League of NationsHigh Commissioner, Bagdad to Lord Crew (29 January 1923) Telegram: Enclosing telegram from Iraq Government to Lord Balfour for communication to League of NationsLord Crewe to Curzon (31 January 1923). Telegram: Iraq frontierTelegram to Ankara signed by Ismet Hassan [‘Iṣmat Ḥasan] and Rozor Nur [Riḍa Nūr]Oil engineering and finance (17 February 1923). Article: The Mesopotamian OilfieldsThe Graphic(17 February 1923). Article: The Mystic City of MosulColonel Francis Richard Maunsell for Cabinet (24 September 1923). Notes on the Mosul frontier questionSir James Edward Masterton-Smith to Foreign Office (3 November 1923). Printed for the information of Curzon, copy of a despatch from the High Commissioner for Iraq, on the subject of the delimitation of the Turco-Irak frontier.Following documents are undated:Lord Balfour to League of Nations. Speech: The frontier between Turkish territory and the territory of IraqThe President of the League of Nations. Reply: after Speech by BalfourTypewritten report: The question of MosulTypewritten report: The Question of MosulThe file also includes handwritten notes by Curzon on the Mosul vilayet and groups residing there.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 251; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
12. 'File 53/49 (D 37) Kuwait Oil'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence between British officials that discusses the following topics:Oil deposits in Syria and the Farsan [Farasan] islands (ff. 9-11, 14-15, 16-20, 22, 24, 28).Negotiations for the construction of oil wells in Kuwait (ff. 4-8, 12, 16, 20-22, 23-32, 36).The prospects of obtaining potable water from artesian wells in Kuwait (ff. 1-3).Oil concessions in Bahrain and Kuwait (ff. 59-63).A concession for oxide and sulphur mining in Kuwait (ff. 39-44).Physical description: Condition: A bound correspondence volume.Foliation: The file has an incomplete foliation sequence and a complete foliaiton sequence. The complete sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto of each folio. It begins on the first folio after the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the last folio of writing, on number 68.