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37. Letter from Harford Jones to James Willis
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to James Willis, sent from Bagdad and dated 24 July 1801.Jones forwards correspondence concerning his dispute with the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] for the attention of the Secret Committee of the Court of Directors of the East India Company, stating that he is willing to accept dismissal if the Secret Committee see fit.The letter was enclosed in Jones’s letter to Jonathan Duncan, Governor of Bombay, dated 4 August 1801 (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/163).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
38. Letter from Harford Jones to Samuel Manesty
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora [Basra], sent from a camp near Coote [Kut] and dated 5 November 1801. The letter discusses the note of apology received by the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/192) and thanks Manesty for coming to Coote.This letter was enclosed in Manesty’s letter to David Scott, Chairman of the Court of Directors for Affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies [East India Company], dated 11 November 1801 (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/203).Another copy of this letter can be found in IOR/L/PS/9/76/198.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
39. Letter from Harford Jones to Samuel Manesty
- Description:
- Abstract: A copy of a letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora [Basra], sent from Bagdad and dated 23 September 1801.The letter concerns a dispute between Jones and the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] and Jones’s demand for ‘satisfaction’. Jones asks Manesty to withhold deliveries of military supplies from the Pashaw and suspend communication with the Government of Bagdad. Jones also proposes meeting Manesty in Coote [Kut].Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
40. Letter from Harford Jones to Ali Pasha
- Description:
- Abstract: A note from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to the Basha [‘Alī Pāshā al-Kahyah, Governor of Baghdad], delivered on 29 June 1803. The letter concerns the detention of an Egyptian woman living with a British sailor in Bussora [Basra] (see IOR/L/PS/9/76/299). Jones reports that Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora, intends to leave Bussora for India if the woman is not released.An English version of this note can be found in IOR/L/PS/9/76/299.Physical description: 1 item (1 folio)
41. Letters between Harford Jones and Samuel Manesty
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of two letters:1. A letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora [Basra], sent from a camp near Coote [Kut] and dated 5 November 1801. The letter discusses the note of apology received by the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/192) and thanks Manesty for coming to Coote.Another copy of this letter is catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/199.2. A letter from Samuel Manesty to Harford Jones, sent from Coote and dated 11 November 1801. The letter discusses the apology from the Pashaw, affirms continued support for Jones, and forwards correspondence.Another copy of this letter is catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/201.Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
42. Letters from Samuel Manesty to Harford Jones
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of two letters:1. A letter from Samuel Manesty, Resident in Bussora [Basra], to Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdat [Baghdad], sent from Bussora and dated 18 December 1804. The letter concerns interference by the Bacha [‘Alī Pāshā al-Kahyah, Governor of Baghdad] in the transit of mail through Bagdat caused by a dispute between the Bacha and Jones.2. A letter from Manesty to Jones, sent from Bussora and dated 28 December 1804. Manesty forwards various correspondence.Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
43. Letters from Harford Jones and Morad Coin to Lord Elgin
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of two letters:1. A letter from Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], to Lord Elgin, HM Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, sent from Bagdad and dated 21 June 1801. The letter reports that the Pashaw [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā, Governor of Baghdad] has forbidden the Christian and Jewish communities in Bagdad from riding horses, with the exception of the French physician Outry. Jones states that he will not take any action until he receives further instructions.2. A letter in French from Morad [also known as Mordechai] Coen, Dragoman Birati [commissioned interpreter], to Lord Elgin, sent from Bagdad and dated 21 June 1801. The letter complains of demands for money by the Pacha [Büyük Sulaymān Pāshā].The letters were enclosed in Jones’s letter to Jonathan Duncan, Governor of Bombay, dated 4 August 1801 (catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/76/163).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
44. Afghanistan Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of India Secret Department (Camp at Kurnaul [Karnal]) to the East India Company Secret Committee, Number 4 of 1838, dated 7 March 1838. The enclosures are dated 26 January-7 March 1838.The papers relate to the views of Captain Alexander Burnes, on a Mission to Cabool [Kabul; this spelling also used in this item], Captain Claude Martine Wade, Political Agent in Lodiana [Ludhiana, also spelled Lodianah and Loodeeana in this item], and William Hay Macnaghten, Secretary to the Government of India, regarding the overtures made by Dost Mahomed Khan [Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy], Ruler of Cabool, for the ‘adjustment of his difference’ with the Sikhs [the Sikh Empire] over Peshawur [Peshawar].The papers notably cover:Dost Mahomed’s wish to prevent the restoration of his brother, Sultan Mohamed Khan [Sulṭān Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy], to the governorship of the territory, and his proposals that either Peshawur be ceded to him and in return he becomes a tributary of Maharaja Ranjit [also spelled Runjeet in this item] Singh, or that the territory is divided between himself and Ranjit Singh and they receive equally a fixed tribute, with Nawab Jabbar Khan [Nawwāb Jabbār Khān] placed at PeshawurBurnes’s support for Dost Mahomed (ff 39-46) and forwarding of a letter to the Governor-General of India from the Ruler of Cabool who professes confidence in the ‘favourable disposition which your Lordship entertains towards supporting and strengthening my Government’ (f 37)Wade’s disagreements with parts of Burnes’s analysis, including his: belief that Dost Mahomed has exaggerated the threat from Ranjit Singh; scepticism regarding allegations that Sultan Mohamed conspired with Shah Shuja ul Mulk [Shujā‘ al-Mulk Durrānī] against Dost Mahomed; emphasis on the superiority of British relations with the Sikhs; belief that Ranjit Singh will neither cede Peshawur to Dost Mahomed nor restore it to Sultan Mahomed; and insistence that Burnes adhere to his instructions to preserve the present distribution of power on the Indus and discourage any ‘extravagant pretensions’ of Dost Mahomed (ff 23-35)The Governor-General’s claim to favour any arrangement as long as it is agreeable to Ranjit Singh whose rights in Peshawur ‘cannot be questioned’, and preference that Dost Mahomed open direct negotiations with Lahore rather than through British officers (ff 48-50).The correspondents are Wade, Macnaghten and Burnes.Physical description: 1 item (32 folios)
45. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of a despatch to the Secret Committee, 18 July 1839, from John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government, Bombay [Mumbai], containing a series of numbered enclosures. The despatch itself (not included) is numbered 1 and is followed by an abstract of contents, numbered 2. This is followed by despatches, numbered 3-8, from Captain Samuel Hennell, Political Resident, Persian Gulf, to Willoughby, with relevant enclosures.The papers chiefly relate to Hennell’s efforts to check the perceived extension of Egyptian influence on the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf, particularly in the province of Oman, and to bring about the expulsion from Shargah [Sharjah] of Sued bin Mooktluk [Sa‘d bin Mutlaq al-Muṭayrī], the self-professed agent of Khorshid Pasha [Khūrshid Pasha], Commander of the Egyptian Forces in Nedgd [Najd, also known as Nejd].The majority of the item comprises Hennell’s report of his tour of the Arabian coast, in the Hugh Lindsay, providing details of his meetings with: Shaik Abdoollah bin Ahmed [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Aḥmad Āl Khalīfah], Chief of Bahrein; [Bahrain] Shaik Kuleefa bin Shakboot [Shaikh Khalīfah bin Shakhbut Āl Nahyān] Chief of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], Chief of the Beniyas [Bani Yas]; Shaik Mukhtoom [Maktūm I bin Buṭṭī bin Suhayl Āl Maktūm] of Debaye [Dubai]; Abdoollah bin Rushid [Shaikh ‘Abdullāh bin Rāshid al-Mu’allā], Shaik of Amulgavin [Umm al-Qaywayn]; and Shaik Sultan bin Suggur [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī], Chief of Rasel Khymah [Ra’s al-Khaymah, also spelled Rusil and Rasil Khymah in this item], Chief of the Joasmees [al-Qawāsim]. He also reports his communications with the chiefs of the Naeem [al-Na‘īm] tribe regarding their opposition to Sued bin Mootluk’s plans to capture the fort of Brymee [Al Buraymi].Hennell’s disussions with the Arab Maritime Chiefs cover: the reasons behind the Chief of Bahrein’s agreement recognising the superiority of Mahomed Ally [Muḥammad ‘Alī Pasha al-Mas‘ūd bin Āghā] Governor of Egypt; the extent of the communications of the chiefs with Sued bin Mootluk; on-going conflicts between the chiefs and their mutual accusations of collusion with bin Mootluk; Hennell’s extraction from the chiefs of declarations of loyalty to the British Government and opposition to the ‘aggressions’ of Khorshid Pasha and Mahomed Ally (copies enclosed with the report); the supply of ammunition and provisions to the chiefs of Brymee and promise to post a British Agent there; pressure on Sultan bin Suggur to effect the expulsion of Sued bin Mootluk from Shargah [Sharjah]. Hennell concludes his report by suggesting formal remonstrances be made by British Government representatives in Cairo, and that blockades and destruction of towns and vessels should be the threatened consequence of any maritime chief assisting Sued bin Mootluk.Also included in the item is: Hennell’s protest to Khorshid Pasha regarding Sued bin Mootluk’s claims to have taken over the government of Oman, against the apparent policy of Mahomed Ally; Hennell's request to Bombay for musket powder and lead; Hennell's report of his arrival in Muscat and discussions with the son and nephew of the Imam of Muscat in which he encourages Muscat to assist the Naeem against any attack by Sued bin Mootluk on Brymee; news of the removal of Mirza Assad as Govenor of Bushire [Bushehr] and his replacement by the authorities at Shiraz with Mirza Mahomed Houssein [Muḥammad Ḥusayn], the son-in-law of the Wuzier [Vizier] [of Shiraz?], Mirza Ahmed Khan [Mirza Aḥmad Khan].Physical description: 1 item (37 folios)
46. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: The item comprises:Two letters from Thomas Henry Maddock, Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General, to John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government, Bombay [Mumbai], notably relating to: British policy regarding the potential conflict between the Sheik of Bahrein [Shaikh of Bahrain] with the ‘fugitive’ subject Esa bin Tareef [Shaikh ‘Īsá bin Ḥamad bin Ṭarīf Āl Bin ‘Alī al-‘Utbī]; the threatened invasion of Bahrein by Khoorshid Pasha, [Khūrshid Pasha], Commander of Egyptian Forces in Nejde [Najd, also known as Nejd]; and the Governor-General’s objection to a suggestion,by the Resident in the Persian Gulf at Karrak [Kharg, also known as Khark] to blockade the port of Bushire [Bushehr]The substance of a letter from the Native Agent at Muscat to the Persian [Iranian] Secretary to the Government, notably relating to: the policy of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat regarding the territorial encroachments of Khoorshid Pasha in the Persian Gulf; the Imaum’s refusal to provide the assistance demanded by Khoorshid Pasha; and the activities of Saad Bin Mutluck [Sa‘d bin Muṭlaq al-Muṭayrī], who claims he has been appointed Governor of Oman by Khoorshid Pasha and has demanded tribute to be paid to the latter by the principal sheiks [shaikhs] in the Persian Gulf which had formely been paid to Fysul [Amir Fayṣal bin Turki bin Abdullāh Āl Sa‘ūd].Physical description: 1 item (5 folios)
47. Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 26 of 1856, dated 16 April 1856. The enclosures are dated 7 October 1855-12 April 1856.The enclosures relate to British policy towards the intended migration of the Al Ali [Āl ‘Alī] tribe, residing at Ges [Kish, also was known as Kenn, also spelled Geis in this item], to the Arabian coast in the neighbourhood of Kutiffe [Al-Qaṭīf], and British reaction to their actual migration to Demaum [Dammam]. They cover the efforts of Lieutenant Frederick Disbrowe, Assistant Resident, Persian Gulf, and Commander Felix Jones, Indian Navy, Acting Resident, Persian Gulf, to prevent a further attack on Bahrein [Bahrain] and disorder in the Gulf from disrupting British trade, and chiefly comprise their letters to or correspondence with the following:Mahomed ben Khuleefa, Sheikh of Bahrein [Shaikh Muḥammed bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, also spelled Khulifa in this item]Commodore Richard Ethersey, Commander of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, and other senior Indian Navy officers and vessel commandersSheikh Mahomed ben Abdullah, Sheikh of Demaum [Muḥammad bin ‘Abdullāh, Shaikh of Dammam], who was in dispute with the Sheikh of Bahrein over re-establishing his claim to the ‘chieftainship’ of Bahrein and who had attacked Bahrein the previous yearAli bin Sultan [Alī bin Sulṭān], chief of the Al Ali tribe, who had allied with the Sheikh of Demaum in the attack on Bahrein in the previous yearThe Wahabee Ameer [Wahhābī Amīr] Fysul [Fayṣal bin Turkī bin ‘Abdullāh, Āl Sa‘ūd], Ruler of Nedjid [Najd]The British Agent at BahreinThe Government of Bombay.The papers notably cover and include:Disbrowe’s dissuasion of the Sheikh of Bahrein from undertaking offensive action against the Al Ali and advice to confine himself to defensive actionsThe Wahabee Ameer’s claim that he would prefer Ali bin Sultan and his Al Ali followers not to migrate to his territory, but that he would not be ‘inhospitable’ to them if they did locate in Wahabee country, and the Government of Bombay’s belief that the Ameer in reality supports hostilities against the Sheikh of BahreinWarnings given: by Disbrowe to Ali bin Sultan, not to break the agreement he made with Captain Arnold Burrowes Kemball, former Resident in the Persian Gulf, to give three months’ notice of any intention to move from Ges; and by Jones to the Sheikh of Demaum that harbouring the Al Ali is a violation of his agreement with KemballThe belief of Disbrowe and Jones that, despite his denials, the Sheikh of Demaum instigated the migration of the Al Ali to his territoryThe instructions given by Disbrowe and Jones to commanding officers of the Naval Squadron in the Gulf regarding measures to enforce the removal of Ali bin Sultan and his followers from Demaum, including issuing warnings, ultimatums, threats and, as a last resort, capturing the Al Ali’s boats and valuables and taking them to Bassidore [Basaidu], whilst carefully restricting any actions of force to sea and portsThe authorisation by the Honorary Board, Bombay, to Jones to assemble a sufficient naval force and use coercion to make the Al Ali leave Demaum, including permission to burn their boats.Physical description: 1 item (48 folios)
48. Persian Gulf Affairs: Incident at Bushire [Būshehr] and Egyptian Manoeuvres Regarding the Island of Bahrein [Bahrain]
- Description:
- Abstract: Copies of correspondence and papers relating to the relocation of the British Residency at Bushire [Būshehr] to the island of Karrack [Khark, also known as Kharg] at the end of March 1839, and the events leading up to it, including:Deterioration of the Political Resident’s relations with Mirza Assad, Governor of Bushire, over: the latter’s alleged attempts to cut off communication between the Residency and the anchored British vessels of war; the ‘unfriendly and insulting’ behaviour towards Rear Admiral Sir Frederick Lewis Maitland, commanding HMS flagship Wellesley; and Mirza Assad’s construction of a tower in the landing place adjacent to the Residency hitherto used by British shipsAccounts, by the Resident, Admiral Maitland, and Commodore George Barnes Brucks, Commanding the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf, of the occurrences that took place between 22-29 March 1839, including the fracas on 25 March when shots were fired and a hostile crowd attacked the Admiral with stones (ff 148-158, 174-184, 209-215)Roles of Bakir Khan, Chief of Tungestan [Baqir Khan Tangistani, Chief of Tangistan], the merchants and moollahs [mullahs] of Bushire, and Sheikh Hussain the Cazee [Shaikh Husayn, Qazi of Bushehr], in relation to the Political ResidentRole of the Indian Navy in escorting the Resident and guarding the Residency buildings following the decampment to Karrack, notably reports of Captain John Croft Hawkins, Commander of the EIC Company Sloop of War the Clive, on his negotiations with the Governor of Bushire and the Chief of TungestanCommunications with the Firman Firma, Prince Governor of Fars, Prince at Shiraz [Fereydūn Mīrzā, Farmanfarma, Prince Governor of Fars]Approbation of the Government of India for the Resident’s actions.Also included are copies of correspondence and papers relating to British policy towards HE Khorshid Pasha [Khūrshīd Pāshā], Commander of Egyptian Forces in Nedgd [Najd, also known as Nejd] with regard to the latter’s purported aggressive intentions against the island of Bahreen [Bahrain, also spelled Bahrein in this volume] and in the Persian Gulf. The papers chiefly concern the appointment of Captain Henry Smith, commanding HMS Volage, as both a messenger to Admiral Maitland and potential commander of British vessels of war in the Persian Gulf that could be sent to deter Khorshid Pasha (ff 187-207).The principal correspondents are: Captain Samuel Hennell, Political Resident, Persian Gulf; Captain Hawkins; Commodore Brucks; John Pollard Willoughby, Secretary to the Government, Bombay [Mumbai]; Rear Admiral Maitland; and Captain Smith.Physical description: The papers are not in chronological order.