Abstract: The file contains copies of various telegrams on railways between the Director of Military Intelligence, the Commander-in-Chief India, the General Officer Commanding Mesopotamia, and the Caucasus Military Agent during the period July-November 1917.Principal subjects of discussion are: the extension of the Baghdad railway east of Nisibin [Nusaybin] towards Mosul; reports of the process of construction and the transportation of material, with some concerns raised as to the accuracy of the reports; cities on the railway’s route; the movements of Turkish [Ottoman] troops; the movements of Falkenhayn’s [General Erich von Falkenhayn] army; and reports of attacks on trains.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 30; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present between ff 2-29.
Abstract: This file consists of a note written by Colonel Edward Charles Sparshott Williams, in which the author assesses the new practicalities and costs introduced by the Persian Government's desire to extend the proposed construction of a railway all the way from Mohamerah [Khorramshahr] to Teheran [Tehran]. He also makes specific comments and suggestions relating to clauses in the draft contract for construction of the railway.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences and terminates at folio 201, as it is part of a larger physical volume; this number is written in pencil, is circled, and is located at the top right corner of the folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel; this number is also written in pencil, but is not circled.
Abstract: The volume contains the following minutes and proceedings:First Meeting, 2 March 1908. Evidence of Sir Richmond Thackeray Willoughby Ritchie.Second Meeting, 6 March 1908. Evidence of Sir J Mackay.Third Meeting, 11 March 1908. Evidence of Mr Frank Clark Strick and Mr E Lloyd.Fourth Meeting, 17 March 1908. Evidence of Sir Louis William Dane.Fifth Meeting, 19 March 1908. Evidence of Mr P Thomas and Mr G Lloyd.Sixth Meeting, 25 March 1908. Evidence of Mr Henry Finnis Blosse Lynch, and Major J A Douglas.Seventh Meeting, 30 March 1908. Evidence of Sir William Lee-Warner, and Colonel Charles Edward Yate.Digest of Evidence in Order of Witnesses.Digest of Evidence by Subjects.Appendices:Appendix 1. Terms of Reference.Appendix 2. Memorandum respecting British Interests in the Persian Gulf. Foreign Office, Confidential (9161).Appendix 3. Supplementary Memorandum respecting British Interests in the Persian Gulf. Foreign Office, Confidential (9404).Appendix 4. Lights and Buoys required at Ports in the Persian Gulf. Statement by the Director of Naval Intelligence.Appendix 5. The Provision of Wireless Telegraph Stations in the Persian Gulf. Statement by the Director of Naval Intelligence.Appendix 6. The Cost of the Proposed Lighthouses at Ras Musandim.Appendix 7. Trade and Shipping in the Persian Gulf. Memorandum by the Director of Naval Intelligence.Appendix 8. Memorandum on the Position of British Trade in the Persian Gulf. Prepared in the Board of Trade.Appendix 9. Memorandum by Mr H F B Lynch, MP.Appendix 10. The Nushi-Seistan Railway Project. The Bunder-Dilam-Shiraz Railway Project. Extracts from a report by Lieutenant L E Hopkins.Appendix 11. Memorandum handed to M Isvolsky, 14 October 1908.Appendix 12. British and German Shipping in the Persian Gulf. Memorandum prepared in the Board of Trade.Maps:Folio 76. Sketch to illustrate positions of Flagstaffs at Elphinstone Inlet and Sheep Island (Musandim Peninsula).Folio 87. Sketches of Approaches to Kuweit Harbour and Shatt Al Arab, compiled from various authorities.Folio 118v. Map of Mohammerah and district prepared in 1850. Shows the proposed Turkish, Persian and mediating Commissioners' lines.Folio 152. Sketch Maps to Shew Railways in Asia Minor.Folio 153. Map showing the Persian Gulf and adjacent countries.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 164; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence (xi, 297pp, 5 maps).
Abstract: The sketch map shows the progress of railway construction in China in 1908. It is marked with open railways and those proposed and under construction, and includes southern Siberia, and Mongolia. It is used to accompany a summary of principal events in 1908 by Wilfrid Malleson, Assistant Quartermaster-General, Intelligence Branch, Division of the Chief of Staff, Simla.The printing statement is as follows: 'Intelligence Branch Topographical Dy. 8,080. Exd. C. J. A. April 1909', 'No. 4,808.-I., 1909'Physical description: Materials: Printed on paperDimensions: 383 x 327mm, on sheet 415 x 380mm
Abstract: Printed confidential memorandum (B 160), written by Major Lindsay Sherwood Newmarch, Political Resident in Turkish Arabia, dated 18 December 1906. The memorandum addresses the associated risks and benefits to be incurred and gained from not being involved in the construction of the Baghdad railway. Newmarch refers to: imperial competition over the line and the region more broadly, chiefly from Russia, France and Germany; the alternative prospect of gaining a monopoly on river traffic south of Baghdad (on the Tigris and Euphrates) if the railway were extended to Baghdad; the prospect of negotiating a concession for a steam ship monopoly south of Baghdad with the Turks, and German competition for any such concession; the difficulties that would be faced in attempting to construct a railway line south of Baghdad, to the Persian Gulf, and the easier prospects for a line from Baghdad to Urfa [Şanlıurfa; al-Ruhā] or Mosul; economic advantages to other branches of the line, in terms of transporting pilgrims, goods; his own recommendations for British involvement and control of railway construction and steam ship routes, and his conclusion that Britain should ‘secure the waterways’ south of Baghdad, at the cost of involvement in construction of the railway line to the north.Physical description: Foliation: The file comprises two separated folded sheets, foliated from 1 to 4. The memorandum also has its own original pagination, running 2 to 7 from ff 2v-4.
Abstract: This file consists of a report by the Secretary of State for India [Joseph Austen Chamberlain], which is addressed to the Prime Minister [Herbert Henry Asquith]. The report concerns a proposal, made by the Commander-in-Chief in India [Sir Beauchamp Duff], to extend the Quetta–Nushki railway to Seistan, on the grounds that it is a 'cogent military necessity'.The report includes extracts from a telegram and a minute from the former Viceroy and Governor-General of India in Council, Lord Curzon, dated 4 September 1899 and 28 October 1901, which summarise the history of the proposed scheme and the various political, strategic and commercial arguments and counter-arguments relating to it.This summary is followed by two telegrams from the current Viceroy [Frederic John Napier Thesiger], dated 26 July and 29 July 1916 respectively. The first of these summarises the current military case for an extension to the line (which was put forward by the Commander-in-Chief in India) as follows: any continuation of the recent Turkish advance into Western Persia may result in the Government of India having to increase its military presence in Eastern Persia, which would require improved communications between Nushki and Seistan; it is further argued that a broad-gauge railway – running from Nushki to at least as far Dalbandin – although more expensive than mechanical transport, would be a preferred solution to the current reliance on camel transport.The first telegram provides the Government of India's response to these proposals. It argues that the scheme can only be justified on 'cogent military grounds', before adding that the limitation of the extension to Dalbandin would be a half measure which would not provide adequate relief to the current situation, nor aid wider strategic contingencies.The second telegram details the Railway Board's rough estimate of the cost of extending the line (2,000,000
l).Also included in the report are the following three minutes:a minute from the India Office's Political Department, dated 27 July 1916, which refrains from expressing an opinion on the strategic implications of extending the line, but concludes that the commercial prospects would be sufficient to warrant constructing a line. The minute opines that an extension as far as Dalbandin would be the more practical of Duff's two proposals;a minute, dated 28 July 1916, in which the Military Secretary to the India Office, General Sir Edmund Barrow GCB, makes the argument that the entire line would take one and a half years to build, and that therefore it is not likely to be of use during the present war. Barrow supports the Commander-in-Chief's suggestion of extending the line as far as Dalbandin, in the hope that it may be of some use in the war effort (the implication being that motor and camel transport could be relied upon from Dalbandin to Seistan);a minute from the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for India, Sir Thomas William Holderness, dated 29 July 1916. The minute argues that a decision on whether to extend the line should be made based on the actual or possible necessities of the present war, and that future political, commercial or strategic requirements should not come into consideration.The Secretary of State for India begins the report with an extract from a private telegram, dated 25 July 1916, from the Viceroy to the Secretary of State for India, in which the Viceroy suggests that the matter requires the advice of the Chief of Imperial General Staff (Sir William Robert Robertson).The Secretary of State for India informs the Prime Minister that an immediate decision is required on the following:whether an extension of the line is a 'cogent military necessity', which should be undertaken at once;whether the extension can be carried out in time to be of use for the purposes stated by the Commander-in-Chief;whether an extension to Dalbandin would be sufficient.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 8, and terminates at f 13, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Abstract: This file concerns the Government of India's proposed extension of the Quetta-Nushki-Dalbandin railway westwards to Mirjawa [Mīrjāveh]. It consists of the following: five telegrams between the Viceroy of India [Frederic John Napier Thesiger] and the Secretary of State for India [Edwin Samuel Montagu]; two telegrams between the War Office and the India Office; an extract from a telegram from the Commander-in-Chief in India [Sir Charles Carmichael Monro] to the General Officer Commanding in Mesopotamia [Sir Frederick Stanley Maude]; and a draft of a telegram from the Secretary of State for India to the Government of India.In a telegram to the Secretary of State for India, dated 29 June 1917, the Viceroy cites both the renewal of German-Turkish movement on Tehran and the progress eastwards towards Afghanistan of organised hostile bodies as threats to the Government of India's political and strategic position in the region; the Viceroy suggests that the proposed railway extension would maintain and develop the Government of India's military strength in and northwards of Seistan [Sīstān].In his undated draft telegram, the Secretary of State for India states that the Government of India's proposals have been approved by the Army Council (as stated in the War Office's telegram to the India Office, dated 18 August 1917), on the grounds that the extension does not interfere with any present or future demands placed on the Government of India for railway material, rolling stock, or personnel for active theatres of war.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 148, and terminates at f 149, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 16 and 31 May 1916. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: letters, telegrams, notes, tables, and memoranda.A summary of the contents of this volume can be found at the start of IOR/L/MIL/17/5/3252. The volume concerns:Appreciations [reports] and intelligence summaries from the Directorate of Military OperationsConsiderations of supplies needed, including food and clothing for winter 1916Reports of future arrivals of German and Austrian troopsThe movement of Turkish [Ottoman] troopsRequests for aeroplanes, pilots, and anti-aircraft gunsMovements of Russian troops under General Baratoff [Nikolai Nikolaevich Baratov], including the occupation of Kasr-i-Shirin [Qasr-e Shirin] and action at HamralaThe construction of railways, including the Qurneh-Amarah [al-Qurnah to al-Kut] RailwayThe provision of river craftAwards and medals given to British and Russian soldiersOutbreaks of cholera and distribution of a cholera vaccineComplaints of shortcomings in accounting leading to delays in soldiers being paid.The following tables appear:The distribution of Turkish forces in Mesopotamia on folio 54The strength of Force D on 23 April 1916 on folios 29-30 and on 15 May 1916 on folios 57-59Changes in the distribution of the troops in Force D from the list of 14 May 1916 on folios 93-94.Physical description: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 121; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-119; these numbers are printed and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm
Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 16 and 31 July 1917. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: telegrams, letters, tables, and memoranda.An index to the contents of this volume and a summary of the contents can be found at the start of IOR/L/MIL/17/5/3280.The volume concerns:Military personnel issues, including pay increases and recruitmentReinforcements for Force DThe supply of food, vehicles, animals, construction materials, weapons, ammunition, and other items to Force DDiscussions of a possible British advance beyond Baghdad, including logistical issues and the need for a coordinated Anglo-Russian offensive in MesopotamiaDiscussions of the unreliability of Russian military supportRailway construction in MesopotamiaIntelligence on the location of Turkish [Ottoman] and German units and commandersIntelligence regarding the movement of airplane engines and pilots to MosulRiver and railway traffic in MesopotamiaArrivals to and departures from the port of BasraProblems with the unloading of ships at Basra and proposals for the construction of a new port near the cityFighting between Turkish and Russian forces near Penjevin [Baynjiwayn], and the Russian withdrawal from the areaDiscussion of the creation of a French Consulate at BaghdadRussian plans for an offensive towards Mosul, under the command of General BaratovDiscussion of a pan-Turanic organization’s pamphlet found in Medina, including a proposal by the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf to use this publication for ‘propaganda purposes’.The volume also contains:Ration strength of Force D on 16 June 1917 (ff 13-16), 30 June 1917 (ff 49-50), and 7 July 1917 (ff 108-110)Distribution and composition of Force D including details of lines of communication, 24 June 1917 (ff 18-22), 1 July 1917 (ff 123-128), and 8 July 1917 (ff 194-198)Artillery rounds held and used by Force D, 15 July 1917 (f 26) and 22 July 1917 (f 121)Distribution of the Turkish Army, 17 July 1917 (ff 30-31), 24 July 1917 (ff 115-117), and 31 July 1917 (ff 202-203)Report of number of pilots and aircraft available for service in Mesopotamia, 19 July 1917 (f 66) and 26 July 1917 (f 152)Weekly return of sick and wounded for the week ending 30 June 1917 (ff 68-69) and 7 July 1917 (ff 176-177)Detailed statement of ration strength of Force D on 23 June 1917 (ff 73-76)Personnel received by the Director of Railways in June 1917 (ff 154-157)Two diaries of information from 23 June 1917 (ff 34-46) and 30 June 1917 (ff 80-89) covering: the climate of Mesopotamia; medical issues affecting Force D; a malarial survey of Baghdad; local produce purchased by Force D; river conditions in occupied Mesopotamia; activities of aircraft; and descriptions of Shia beliefs, history, and pilgrimages.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 205; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-203; these numbers are printed and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm
Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 1 and 15 August 1917. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: telegrams, memoranda, letters, and tables.An index to the contents of this volume can be found at folios 3-15 and a summary of the contents can be found at folio 16. The volume concerns:The supply of food, animals, construction materials, weapons, and other items to Force DRiver and railway traffic in MesopotamiaRailway construction in MesopotamiaArrivals to and departures from the port of BasraProblems with the unloading of ships at BasraProposal for the transfer of men from the Disciplinary Labour Corps into a free Labour CorpsDiscussion of British strategy in Mesopotamia, including current policy of securing control of the Baghdad Vilayet, and inability to take offensive action without Russian supportRecruitment of Arab prisoners of war in India ‘to serve the Sheriff [Sharīf] of Mecca’Intelligence concerning movements of Turkish [Ottoman], German, and Austrian unitsIntelligence concerning German construction of a railway ‘towards Mosul’Discussion of the creation of a French Consulate at BaghdadFinancial administration of Force D and the territory occupied by the British in MesopotamiaProposal for forming a new division of Force DIntelligence concerning Russian movements in the Caucasus and mutiny within the Russian armyIntelligence concerning Kurdish movements and attacks on Russian troopsShortage of medical officers.The volume also contains:Distribution and composition of Force D including details of lines of communication, commanding officers, and units captured at Kut-al-Amarah [Al-Kut] (ff 3-36)Distribution of Force D including details of lines of communication, 15 July 1917 (ff 123-127), 22 July 1917 (ff 216-220)Distribution of the Turkish Army, 7 August 1917 (ff 147-148), 14 August 1917 (ff 226-227)Detailed statement of ration strength of Force D on 30 June 1917 (ff 39-42), 7 July 1917 (ff 175-178)Ammunition held and used by Force D, 29 July 1917 (ff 42-43), 4 August 1917 (ff 123-124)Strength return of Force D dated 2 June 1917 (ff 45-61)Ration strength of Force D on 14 July 1917 (ff 67-69), 21 July 1917 (ff 152-154), 28 July 1917 (ff 234-236)Report of number of pilots and aircraft available for service in Mesopotamia, 2 August 1917 (ff 81-82), 9 August 1917 (f 179)Two diaries of information from 7 July 1917 (ff 90-107) and 21 July 1917 (ff 193-194) covering: climate and floods; local produce; Inland Water Transport; medical affairs; military government; the Directorate of Works; the YMCA in Baghdad; and the crash of a German planeWeekly return of sick and wounded for the week ending 14 July 1917 (f 114) and 21 July 1917 (ff 187-188).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 242; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-240; these numbers are printed and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm
Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 1 and 15 November 1917. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: Tables, telegrams, memoranda, and letters.An index to the contents of this volume can be found at folios 3-17. The volume concerns:Military personnel issues, including: recruitment, training, and promotionsThe supply of food, ordnance, oil, construction materials, and other items to Force DBritish ‘punitive actions’ against the ‘offending tribes’ of Al Abbas near Samawah [As Samawah] and Albu Jassim [Al Bu Jasim] near Bani Said [Bani Sa‘id]British raiding and aerial bombardment of villages in Mesopotamia, including Shirwan Sakhal [Shakal] and Kelar [Kalar]River traffic in MesopotamiaPreparations for a meeting between Lieutenant-Generals Jan Smuts, Edmund Allenby, and William Marshall in Egypt, to discuss the ongoing war against Turkey [Ottoman Empire]Matters relating to Dunsterforce, including: the selection of officers and NCOs to join Dunsterforce; the dispatch of an Armoured Car Unit; and the movements of Major-General Lionel DunstervilleRailway construction in MesopotamiaArrest of Sullaiman Mirza [Sulaymān Mīrzā] and Isa Mirza [‘Īsá Mīrzā] by British troops near Khanikin [Khanaqin]Intelligence concerning the activities of the Turkish [Ottoman] and German militariesA report on the military readiness of the 49th Bengal InfantryUnreliability of Bolshevik-influenced Russian troops in Persia [Iran]German propaganda campaigns in PersiaA proposal for British officers to take command of the Persian Cossack BrigadeMatters relating to the Caucasus, including: British attempts to create a local military force; British influence on the relationship between Armenians and ‘Tartars’ in the region; and problems caused by the ‘decidedly Bolshevik’ Russian fleet in the Caspian SeaCivil war in Russia.The volume also contains:Distribution and composition of Force D, including details of: lines of communication; general organisation; and names of General Officers and Brigade Commanders (ff 18-30)Distribution of the Turkish Army dated 12 February 1918 (ff 208-211)Report of number of pilots, balloon officers, and aircraft available for service in Mesopotamia, 31 January 1918 (f 39), 7 February 1917 (f 141)State of supplies on 26 January 1918 (ff 43-44), 2 February 1918 (f 120, f 142-143), 9 February 1918 (ff 232-233)Strength statements of Force D, 24 November 1917 (ff 48-61), 29 December 1917 (ff 107-108)Ration strength of Force D, 31 January 1918 (ff 72-73), 12 January 1918 (ff 84-86), 29 December 1917 (ff 87-90), 19 January (ff 177-180), 5 January 1918 (ff 195-198)Supply requests for Force D, dated February 1918 (ff 62-63), March 1918 (f 149)Returns of sick and wounded dated 2 February 1918 (f 72), 19 January 1918 (ff 76-77), 26 January 1918 (ff 159-160)Proposed War Establishment for an Indian Infantry Battalion (ff 173-177)Distribution Report showing number and condition of motor vehicles with Force D, 1 December 1917 (ff 218-231).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 248; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 3-246; these numbers are printed and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm
Abstract: The volume contains a chronological list of brief summaries of papers relating to the activities of the Indian Expeditionary Force D (also known as the Mesopotamia Expeditionary Force) between 1 and 15 February 1919. This is accompanied by appendices containing copies and extracts of these papers, which include: telegrams, memoranda, and tables.An index to the contents of this volume can be found at folios 1-9. The volume concerns:Military personnel issues, including: equipment; the transfer and retirement of officers; nominations for Staff College; granting of leave; and demobilisation of troopsSupply of food, construction materials, and other items to Force DReductions of planned supply shipments to Force DProposal for a new kind of emergency ration for Indian troopsPreparation for demobilisation of Force D, including: disposal of animals used by Force D; withdrawal orders for specific units; and disposal of surplus ammunitionProvision of ships to carry troops from Mesopotamia to the United KingdomProposed expansion of the jurisdiction of the Political Resident in the Persian GulfProposed changes to the Army Chaplains’ DepartmentEmployment of ‘Imported’ labourers in Mesopotamia and the growth of ‘Considerable local prejudice’ against these workersThe post-war occupation and government of MesopotamiaBritish assessments of Mesopotamian public opinionConstruction of railways in MesopotamiaVaccination of animals shipped to MesopotamiaArrest of thirteen Turkish [Ottoman] ‘ringleaders in recent political intrigue’ by British forces in BaghdadTurkish military presence at Joziret Ibn Omar [Cizre]British use of petroleum wells at Zakhd [Zakho]British arming of ‘Turcomans’ to fight the Bolsheviks on behalf of the Transcaspian GovernmentIntelligence suggesting the presence of the former Ottoman leader Enver Pasha [Enver Pāshā] in the CaucasusBritish military actions in Persia [Iran] including: occupation of key roads; maintenance of roads; and discussion of a ‘most virulent form of malaria’ affecting British troops in North Persia.The volume also contains:Distribution and composition of Force D, including details of lines of communication, general organisation, and corrections (ff 63-73)State of supplies on 27 January 1919 (f 25), 31 January 1919 (ff 162-163), 7 February 1919 (f 168)Distribution Report showing number and condition of motor vehicles with Force D, 1 December 1918 (ff 27-42)Ration strength of Force D on 21 December 1918 (ff 124-130), 28 December 1918 (ff 130-136), 4 January 1919 (ff 182-187), 11 January 1919 (ff 75-78), 18 January 1918 (ff 149-152)Strength return of Force D on 23 November 1918 (ff 79-90)Weekly return of sick and wounded dated 4 January 1919 (ff 99-100), 11 January (ff 188-189)Ammunition return of Force D on 2 January 1918 (ff 110-111)Programme for February despatch of British troops from Mesopotamia and India (f 112).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 192; these numbers are printed, and are located in the bottom centre of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.Dimensions: 21 x 33cm