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1. 'The Rebellion against the Sultan of Muscat, May 1913 - July 1916.'
- Description:
- Abstract: This printed memorandum was received from the Chief Political Officer, Basra, under Sir P Cox's letter (No 3) dated 18 August 1916 (see IOR/L/PS/10/426: 3744/16), and includes a report by Gertrude Lowthian Bell (signed G L B), originally published in the Arab Bulletin, concerning the rebellion against the Sultan of Muscat, Fayṣal bin Turkī Āl Bū Sa‘īd, and, subsequently after his death, his son, Taymūr bin Fayṣal Āl Bū Sa‘īd. Bell gives a description of the causes of the rebellion against the Sultan of Muscat, which, in her opinion, were 'partly due to old and deepseated matters of disagreement and partly to the reflex action of modern European politics'. She goes on to describe various events from May 1913 to July 1916, including: the fall of Nizwa [Nizwá] and Izki [Izkī]; the visit of the Viceroy to Muscat in February 1914; the death of Fayṣal; the religious character of the uprising ('Jihad'); and potential peace terms.Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
2. ‘Persian Gulf – Affairs of – Vol: 26’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2203/108134. The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Major Samuel Hennell, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Lieutenant-Colonel Justin Sheil, HM Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary at the Court of Persia [Iran]. It is the twenty-sixth in a series of thirty items.The item concerns:The proposal by the Governor of Fars, Hoossein Khan [Muḥammad Ḥusayn Khān Muqaddam Marāgha'i] to co-ordinate the movements of the naval squadron in the Persian Gulf with his projected tour by land to different ports on the Persian CoastMessrs Mills & Co’s request for assistance in recovering money owed to them by Bakir Khan [Bāqir Khān Tangistānī], Sheik of Tungistan [Tangistan]A possible rebellion by the chiefs of the Dashtistan [Dashtestan] against the authority of ShirazThe restriction of movement placed upon a Russian Armenian by Hoossein Khan.The item contains a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 700/47, Collection No 18 of No 54’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 771, and terminates at f 781 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
3. ‘Persian Gulf. Ispahan. Suppression of Disturbances at.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2416/130506. It is the tenth in a series of twenty-eight items on the Persian Gulf.The correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Peter Stephen, British Agent at Ispahan [Isfahan, also rendered as Isphan in the item].The item concerns the efforts of the local authorities to pursue some ‘rebels’ departing from Ispahan, and the arrival of some of them in Koom [Qom, also rendered as Ghoom in the item].The item contains a table of contents (f 534), and the title page (f 533) contains the following references: ‘Dft. No. 424 of 1851’, Collection No. 1, Vol. 10’, and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 533 and terminates at f 536, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
4. ‘Persian Gulf. Bushire – Affairs of – Vol: 2’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. These political letters appear in IOR/F/4/2376/126162. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; Major Samuel Hennell, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; and Joseph Malcolm, an Armenian merchant in Bushire [Bushehr]. It is the second in a series of fifteen items on the Persian Gulf.The item concerns:The actions of Meerza Mehdy Khan [Mīrzā Mahdī Khān], Bakir Khan [Bāqir Khān Tangistānī], Chief of Tungistoon [Tungistan], and Meerza Sultan Mahomed Khan [Mīrzā Sulṭān Khān] in besieging and plundering areas belonging to BushireMalcolm’s questions about rates of customs duty and charges for British merchantsA request by the Prince of Shiraz [Prince-Governor of Fars, Bahrām Mīrzā Mo‘ezz-al-Dawlah] for Arrathoon Simon to defend his claim to estates in Cazeroon [Kazerun]Malcolm’s complaint that twelve mule-loads of raisins have been plunderedThe resumption of mercantile activities at Bushire, following its siege and the plunder of the surrounding area by the Tungistoonees (a description of the siege can be found at IOR/F/4/2349/123828).The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft no 745 of 1850’, and ‘Coll[ection] No 5’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 11, and terminates at f 36 as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly, f 34a.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
5. ‘Persian Gulf. Affairs of the – ’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The main correspondents are the Government of Bombay; Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Hennell, British Resident in the Persian Gulf; Meerza Mahmood [Mīrzā Muḥammad], British Agent at Shiraz; Bahram Mirza [Bahrām Mīrzā Mo‘ezz-al-Dawlah], Prince-Governor of Fars; and Colonel Justin Sheil, HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Tehran.The item concerns:Attempts by the Prince-Governor of Fars to levy a fine of 300 tomans on the nakhuda of a Dashtee [Dashti] vessel for importing enslaved people into Bushire [Bushehr]5% customs duties levied on sugar from Java arriving at Bushire, compared to the previous rate of 1.25%, and discussions by Hennell about whether he should intervene to ask the Prince-Governor of Fars to exempt these Bushire traders affected from inland transit dutiesRequests for assistance made to Hennell by people who have had property stolenMilitary conflicts between Bakir Khan [Bāqir Khān Tangistānī] and Sheik Nasir [Shaikh Nāṣir II Āl Madhkūr], Governor of Bushire, and between Bakir Khan and the Prince-Governor of FarsThe replacement of Bahram Mirza as Prince-Governor of Fars, and Kurrem Khan [Karīm Khān] as Governor of Behbehan [Behbahan]Unrest in the province of FarsThe imprisonment of Mirza Alli Mahomed [Mīrzā ‘Alī Muḥammad], the Bab [Báb], and an order for his executionThe effects of locusts on food pricesSheik Nasir’s reluctance to go to Shiraz as he owed the Prince-Governor of Fars tributeEnquiries into the conduct of Mirza Mahomed due to complaints against him, including that he stole a gold watch from the late Mr Tasker, claims which are refuted by HennellDefeat of the Babees [Bábis], who had been causing disturbances by the SirbazThe execution of Syed Yahyah [Sayyid Yaḥyá], a follower of the Bab.The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft No 91 of 1851’ and ‘Coll[ection]: 18’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 568, and terminates at f 675, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
6. 'Political Affairs of Muscat and Oman'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains papers relating to the domestic politics of Oman during 1874. The papers mostly cover the rebellion of the Al-Sa'ad tribe and the concurrent efforts of the British to suppress their rebellion in support of the Sultan of Oman and Muscat. The file contains several letters by the head of the Al-Sa'ad, Sayyid Hamad bin Ahmed, and Sultan Turkee bin Said of Oman. Most of the papers however, are between officials of the Government of India at Calcutta and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 232; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-232; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.
7. 'Political Affairs of Muscat and Oman'
- Description:
- Abstract: The papers in these volumes contain correspondence on political affairs in Oman, especially British financial support for the Sultan Turkee bin Sa'id during a rebellion against his authority by various tribes. Other topics discussed in the papers include Sayyid `Abd al-Aziz's property in Zanzibar; jurisdiction of the British consulate over Indian subjects in Muscat; intrigue by the Sultan's nephew, Sayyid Salim, his allowance and expenditure and the Sultan's subsidy and expenses from the British government.Physical description: Foliation: this file consists of three physical volumes. The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio of volume one (ff 1-182), volume two (ff 183-366) and terminates at the last folio of volume three (ff 367-556); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 1-556; these numbers are printed, and are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers of the volumes. The file has one foliation anomaly, f 159a.
8. 'Political'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains two primary types of correspondence. The first is letters between the British Political Agent in Muscat, Lieutenant Colonel Edward Charles Ross and the British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire. The file also contains correspondence between the British Political Agent in Muscat and various Omani political and tribal authorities. The subject matter of the letters includes administration report and trade returns from 1877-1878, and the marriage of the Sultan's eldest son. However, the first half of the papers pertains to the attempt by the Sultan's brother, Sayyid Abdul Aziz, to organise a rebellion against his brother in Muscat among the tribes of the interior of Oman.All the letters received from Omani figures are included as both transcriptions made by Political Agency officials in Muscat and translations from the original Arabic. The original letters are not included.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 207; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
9. 'Affairs in the Persian Gulf'
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures nos. 2-33 to a dispatch from the Secret Department, Bombay [Mumbai] Castle, dated 31 January 1840. The enclosures are dated 11 May 1839-23 January 1840. The enclosures consist of copies of correspondence relating to affairs in the Persian Gulf, including:The arrival at Koweit [Kuwait] of the East India Company ship Uraniacarrying three iron steamers for use by the Euphrates Expedition, and a fire on board the UraniaThe Egyptian occupation of Kateef [Qatif], Sohat [Saihat] and Oojier [Uqair], and their perceived intentions against Bahrein [Bahrain] and other Gulf statesThe suppression of a rebellion against the Prince-Governor of FarsThe flight from Bushire [Bushehr] of the ‘usurping’ Governor Shaik Hussain, and his ally Bakir Khan [Baqir Khan Tangistani], Chief of Tungistan [Tangestan], in anticipation of a Persian [Iranian] army sent to remove him after the murder of the previous Governor, Apa Joomal Khan [Agha Jamal Khan]The intention of Shaik Esa bin Tareef [Shaikh Isa bin Tarif] of the Alli Aly [Al Bin Ali] tribe to leave Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi] with his followers and settle at Bidda or Wakra [Al Wakrah] on the coast of Guttur [Qatar]A peace treaty between Said bin Sultan, Imam of Muscat, and Said Humood bin Azan [Sayyid Syf bin Hamud Al Bu Sa’id], Chief of SoharA false report of the murder in Tehran of Hajee Mirza Ajasee [Haji Mirza Aqasi], Prime Minister of Persia [Iran]An examination of events during the British occupation of Karrack [Kharg]Treaty negotiations between Muscat and France.The primary correspondents are the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf and the Government of India. Other correspondents include: the Assistant Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Native Agent, Bharein [Bahrein, i.e. Bahrain]; the Native Agent, Muscat; and the Imam of Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 161, and terminates at f 269, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
10. 'Book No 219. From November 1856 and January 1857 To July 1861'
- Description:
- Abstract: Volume regarding affairs in Muscat relating to Syed Torkee [Turkī ibn Saʻīd Āl Sa‘īd] of Sohar's rebellious actions against Syed Soweynee [Thuwaynī ibn Saʻīd Āl Sa‘īd].The volume discusses the Joasmee [Āl Qāsimī] Chief's attempts at spreading dissention in Oman; the involvement of their brothers Sayid Majed [Mājid ibn Saʻīd] Sultan of Zanzibar and Syed Burgash [Barghash ibn Sa'id]; attempts at reconciliations between the brothers; the actions of the British Agent at Muscat (Lieutenant Walter Murray Pengelly) which were not approved of by the Government of Bombay; Wahabee [Wahhabi] interests in Sohar; and Sohar eventually being given over to Syed Soweynee, with Syed Torkee being confined to a fort in Muscat, which led to a large scale rebellion against Syed Soweynee. Contained within the volume are several letters in Arabic, some with translations, and one letter with translation in Hebrew.From folio 10 onwards the volume has been divided into smaller sections, each with their own subheading:English correspondence regarding differences between H H Syed Soweynee, Imam of Muscat and H H Brother Syed Turki of Sohar 1857-1860 (ff 10-119);Correspondence regarding piracies attended with murder during hostilities between the Chief of Sohar and the Imam of Muscat (ff 120-141);H H Syed Soweynee quarrel with Syed Majid of Zanzibar, Syed Bughash and Syed Torkee [who?] figure in the compilation (ff 142-194);Correspondence about Sued Soweynee's disputes with Syed Majid. Syed Soweynee intriguing secretly with the French attended to herein, also Syed Burgesh and Syed Torkee (ff 195-225);Miscellaneous. Complaints from Bombay Native Merchants against the authorities at Muscat for demanding customs upon the cargo of the Buglah Fath El Khair; complaints of Syed Soweynee's indifference towards British Commissariat interests at Muscat; an attack on the Fath El Khairsouth of Ras El Had [Ra’s al Ḩadd] (ff 226-317).Also included in the volume are four folios of manifest registers for goods exported by Bugla [Buggalow] to Aden produced 17 September 1856, which were sent to Colonel Atkins Hamerton, British Consul at Zanzibar in January 1857.The principal correspondents within the volume are the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Commander James Felix Jones); the Secretary to Government, Political Department, Bombay (Henry Lacon Anderson); the Native Agent at Muscat (Khoja Hiskale); the British Native Agent at Shargah [Sharjah] (Haji Yaqub); the Commander of the Persian Gulf Squadron (Commodore Griffith Jenkins, Commodore Henry Albert Matthew Drought); the British Agent at Muscat (Lieutenant Walter Murray Pengelly); the Imam of Muscat (Thuwaynī ibn Saʻīd Āl Sa‘īd); Her Majesty's Consul and British Agent at Zanzibar (Lieutenant-Colonel Christopher Palmer Rigby, Colonel Atkins Hamerton).Physical description: Foliation: The foliation sequence commences on the title page and terminates on the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Foliation anomalies: 1, 1A, 1B, 164, 164A, 165, 165A, 166, 166A.Folios 256, 257, 258 and 259 are blank.
11. 'File 1/18 IV Arab Revolts against Ibn Saud, 1929.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The file deals with revolts against the King of Hejaz and Najd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] (commonly referred to in the papers as Bin Saud or Ibn Saud) by Akhwan [Ikhwān] tribes in Najd (also referred to as Nejd).The file consists of a small amount of direct correspondence between the Political Agent, Bahrain (and Indian Assistant, Bahrain) and the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; but the majority of the correspondence is between the Political Agent, Kuwait (Lieutenant-Colonel James Carmichale More); the Political Resident; the High Commissioner for Iraq; the Government of India; the British Agent, Jeddah; the Colonial Office; the Foreign Office; and other British officials in the region, copies of which were sent to the Political Agent, Bahrain for information. There is also some correspondence with Bin Saud.The file covers: operations of Bin Saud against rebel tribes, particularly Ajman and Mutair; activities of individual Akhwan leaders, especially Faisal al Dawish [Fayṣal al-Dawīsh]; cross-frontier movements of tribes; effect of operations on neighbouring states, particularly Kuwait; attitude of the Shaikh of Kuwait [Aḥmad al-Jābir Āl Ṣabāḥ], including suggestion of 'leakage' of supplies from Kuwait to the rebels (folio 70); consideration of British military action against rebels in Najd (e.g. folio 57); the position of the Awazim tribe; and accounts of Bin Saud's successes against the rebels, September - October 1929.The Arabic language content of the file consists of ten folios of correspondence between Bin Saud and British officials.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 185; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional incomplete foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 66-184; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence.
12. 'File 35/134 I A. 40. Sur: Amirs of Jaalan'
- Description:
- Abstract: Correspondence concerning fighting at Sur between the Bani Bu Ali and the Arama. Includes a number of reports from Major Gerald Patrick Murphy the Political Agent, Muscat to the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf on the general situation in Oman and concerns that due to tribal involvement the fighting could spread from Sur to the rest of Oman. Letters discuss how the fort at Sur was bombarded to show the rebellious tribes that the Government of India intended to support Muscat. Includes a map (folio 199) drawn by Major Gerald Patrick Murphy, Political Agent, Muscat, entitled 'Map showing extent of Sultan's influence in Oman'. Correspondents include the Political Resident, Persian Gulf; Shaikh Ali bin Abdullah al Humudah [‘Alī bin Abdullāh al-Ḥamūdah], Amir of Jaalan; Political Agent, Muscat; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf.Physical description: Foliation: There is an incomplete foliation sequence and a complete foliation sequence. The complete foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of each folio. It begins on the title page, on number 1, and runs through to 274, ending on the inside of the back cover. Anomalies: ff 1A-C; f 23A; f 63A; f 74A; f 88A; f 90A; f 93A; f 96A; f 100A; f 111A; f 113A; f 114A; f 121A; f 124A; f 167A; f 198A; ff 208A-B; f 247A.