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121. ‘Aden. Judda- Alleged sale of certain female slaves by Hadje Rujub Ali Heeratee, a shopkeeper of Bombay at.~’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes, which are enclosures to an extract of a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 3 October 1849. A copy of this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2343/123024.The item relates to instructions provided by Stafford Bettesworth Haines, Captain in the Indian Navy and Political Agent at Aden, to Lieutenant Adams, Commander of the Constance. The instructions are to travel to Mocha, Judda [Jeddah], Mussowah [Massawa], Hodeida [Al Hudaydah], and Mocha again before returning to Aden. His mission is to gather information following reports of enslaved women being sold at Judda by Hadji Rujub Ali Heerattee [Ḥājjī Rajab ‘Alī al-Hirātī, also rendered in text as Hudje Rujub Ali Heeratee], a shopkeeper resident of Bombay [Mumbai], and to bring the women back to Aden, if they can be located. In Haines's instructions, he mentions relevant information, including names of people involved and details provided by witnesses. He also requests Adams to arrange for despatches to be sent to Mr Plowdin [Walter Plowden], Consul in Abyssinia.The item also contains minutes by members of the Government of Bombay Council, commenting on Haines's instructions.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'Draft No. 189 of 1850', 'Vol: 6', 'Collection No 1 of No 103', and 'Examiner's Office'. The title page also contains a note: 'In the Secret Dep[artmen]t there is a further letter from Capt[ain] Haines on this subject dated De[cembe]r 10.'Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 163, and terminates at f 168, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
122. ‘Aden. Slave dealing.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence which form partial enclosures to a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 12 November 1845. A copy of this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103838 and further enclosures to this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103844.The item relates to the results of an investigation into the potential trafficking to Aden of an enslaved boy named Nusseeb [Nasīb], including the cancellation of a sentence passed on the accused, Ali ibn Hamed [‘Alī bin Ḥamad]. The item also contains a letter from Captain Stafford Bettesworth Haines, Political Agent at Aden, to the Government of Bombay, dated 17 November 1843, regarding a fine imposed on Abdoola Ali [‘Abdullāh ‘Alī] after he was charged with participating in the ‘slave trade’ [trade in enslaved people].As well as Haines, the item’s correspondents include the Court of Directors.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5410, Draft 786/46’, ‘Vol: 6’, ‘Collection N. 10 of N. 124’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’. The ‘N. 10’ has been crossed out with different ink.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 862, and terminates at f 865, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
123. ‘Aden. Slave Trade.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence which form partial enclosures to a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 27 November 1845. A copy of this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103838 and further enclosures can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103840 and IOR/F/4/2157/103845.The item relates to two enslaved African girls who were found on a vessel from Cutch [Kachchh] by the Company brig, Euphrates. Augustus Smith Le Messurier, Advocate General at Bombay, recommends that the girls be sent to the Byculla school [Christ Church School, Byculla, Mumbai?]. The item contains the subsequent correspondence between the Government of Bombay, the Bombay Education Society, and the Bombay Diocesan Committee of the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts. Arrangements are made for the girls to remain at the ‘Indo British Institution’, with details provided on how the girls’ care will be financed.The item also contains correspondence from the Government of India which suggests that a set of rules should be drawn up for the guidance of naval officers to prevent them from making ‘mistakes’ such as in the case of the girls mentioned above. No further details of this are provided.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5410, Draft 786/46’, ‘Vol: 9’, ‘Collection N. 3 of N. 131’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’. The ‘N. 3’ has been crossed out with different ink.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 876, and terminates at f 888, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
124. ‘Old Index Book No 154 From January 1847 To December 1847’ Vol 154 Outward letter book, 1847
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains copies of letters sent in 1847 by Major Samuel Hennell, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire, mainly to Arthur Malet, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay in the Political Department, Bombay Castle and also to Lieutenant Colonel Francis Farrant, British Chargé d’Affaires at the Court of the Shah of Persia, Tehran.In April and May 1847, Major Hennell undertook his annual tour of the Trucial Coast sheikhdoms on the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf, aboard the Honourable Company (HC) sloop of war Elphinstone(folios 110-135). During Hennell’s absence from the British Political Residency at Bushire, his official correspondence was carried out by Lieutenant Arnold Burrowes Kemball, the Assistant Resident (folios 90-109).The correspondence in the volume is predominantly political, reporting events in the Persian Gulf in terms of their significance for British foreign policy, relations and interests in the region. The main topics are the suppression of piracy and slave trafficking in the Persian Gulf and the monitoring of relations between the Arab Maritime Chiefs of the Trucial Coast. Many of the Resident’s letters to the Bombay Government refer to enclosures, several of which are present in the volume. These are mainly English translations of the Resident’s Arabic and Persian correspondence with agents, officials and rulers, including:Hussein Khan the Governor of Fars about piracy in the Persian ports of the Gulf, also a legal dispute at Bushire between a British protected person and Prince Timor Meerza (Mirza) over ownership of the private property and estate of a deceased Persian subject (folios 17-18, 94-97, 108-109);Chiefs of the Persian ports of Aseloo and Khirrak [Khārk] about their acts of piracy in the Province of Fars and on the island of Karrack [Khārk, Jazīreh-ye] (folios 113, 114, 200, 202);Chiefs of the Persian ports of Charrack [Khārk] and Mogoo about their naval warfare directly in the track of trading vessels between Turkish Arabia, Persia and India (folios 303-305);Moollah Houssein the British Government Native Agent at Shargah [Sharjah] reports the hostile actions of Shaikhs Saeed bin Tahnoon of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi], Syed Humood bin Azan of Sohar, Sultan bin Suggur of Rusul Khyma, Muktoom of Debaye [Dubai], Abdoollah bin Rashid of Amulgavine (folios 30-32, 64-67, 191-192, 234-236);Khojeh Hiskael the British Government Native Agent at Muscat reports the continuance of the African slave trade, especially by the inhabitants of Soor [Sūr], also an exchange of letters between the Resident and Syed Soweynee the Governor of Muscat, about the seizure of Muscat slave ships by the British naval force, under the terms of the Treaty between the British Government and the Imam of Muscat dated 2 October 1845 (folios 280-281, 312-313);Sheikh Mahomed bin Khuleefa the Chief of Bahrein and Shaikh Esai ben Tareef the Chief of Bidda exchange letters with the Resident following the outbreak of hostilities between them over the latter’s support for the renewed claims of Sheikh Abdoollah bin Ahmed the ex-Chief of Bahrein, for restoration of his vessels and possessions (folios 287-290);Hajee Jassem the British Government Native Agent at Bahrain reports the death of Shaikh Esai ben Tareef the Chief of Bidda in a battle between his forces and those of Shaikh Mahomed ben Khuleefa the Chief of Bahrein, the latter supported by troops sent by Ameer Fysul the Ruler of Nedgd (folios 307-309).Many personnel, financial and other administrative matters are also reported by the Resident to officials in other departments of the Government of Bombay. Included is a letter to the Paymaster of the Marine Battalion, Bombay, enclosing a list of names entitled ‘Roll of individuals belonging to the Marine Battalion and the amount to be paid to each or his heirs for the property plundered by the inhabitants of the Island of Kenn from the wreck of the “Emily” schooner in March 1845’ (folios 171-173, 193).Physical description: Foliation: the contents are numbered 2-241, 241A, 242-327 from the front to the back of the volume. The numbering is written in pencil on the recto, in the top right corner and encircled. The front cover of the volume is numbered 1. The inside of the back cover is numbered 351. Folios 2, 328-336 and 350 are blank.Pagination: the contents were originally numbered 1 to 652, from the front to the back of the volume. The numbering is written in ink in the top right or left corner of the recto and verso respectively.Condition: broken spine cover.
125. 'Resolutions passed by the East African Slave Trade Committee in their sittings of November 5 and 8, 1869'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file is a list of nine resolutions passed by the East African Slave Trade Committee as part of Britain's efforts to prohibit and regulate slave traffic in that area.Physical description: Condition: the file is contained within a bound volume that contains a number of other files.Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at f 99, and terminates at f 99, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
126. ‘Old Index Book No 159 From January 1848 To December 1848’ Vol 159 Outward letter book, 1848
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains copies of letters sent in 1848 by Major Samuel Hennell, British Political Resident in the Persian Gulf at Bushire, mainly to Arthur Malet, Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay in the Political Department, Bombay Castle and also to Lieutenant Colonel Francis Farrant, British Chargé d’Affaires at the Court of the Shah of Persia, Tehran. Several personnel, financial and other administrative matters are also reported by the Resident to British officials in various government departments in India.In May and June 1848, Major Hennell undertook his annual tour of the Trucial Coast Sheikhdoms on the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf, aboard the Honourable Company (HC) sloop of war Cliveand successfully negotiated anti-slavery treaties with the Arab Maritime Chiefs (folios 72-91, 207-210, 222, 223). During Hennell’s absence from the British Political Residency at Bushire, his official correspondence was carried out by Lieutenant Arnold Burrowes Kemball, the Assistant Resident.The correspondence in the volume is predominantly political, reporting events in the Persian Gulf in terms of their significance for British foreign policy, relations and interests in the region. There are two main topics of discussion. One is the British suppression of the African slave trade in the Persian Gulf and the eventual agreement of the Persian Government to apply the same prohibition to Persian subjects and ports of the Gulf, so that inhabitants of the Arabian coast could not use Persian vessels to evade the anti-slavery treaties between the British Government and the Arab Maritime Chiefs, recently concluded by Major Hennell. The other main topic is the changing alliances and frequent hostilities between the Arab Maritime Chiefs of the Trucial Coast, British concerns about the prospect of Ameer Fysul [Al Sa‘ud, Amir Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah], the Ruler of Nedgd [Najd] invading Oman and re-establishing his authority by military force.Many of the Resident’s letters to the Bombay Government refer to enclosures, several of which are present in the volume, including one document dated 1845 (folio 7). Among the enclosures are English translations of the Resident’s Arabic and Persian correspondence with agents, officials and rulers, mainly those in Muscat and Shargah [Sharjah].MUSCAT: Khojeh Hiskael the British Government Native Agent at Muscat and the Governor of Muscat, Syed Soweynee [Sayyid Thuwayni bin Sa‘id Al Bu Sa‘id] correspond with the Resident about the continuance of the African slave trade in Muscat by Persian vessels and the interpretation of the anti-slavery treaty between the British Government and the Imam of Muscat, signed at Zanzibar on 2 October 1845; the defeat of the forces of Ameer Fysul the ruler of Nedgd in Oman, by the forces of Syed Humood bin Azan [Sayyid Ḥamūd bin Azan Āl Bū Sa‘īd], the Chief of Sohar [Ṣuḥār], following the latter’s refusal to pay the annual tribute; the quelling of a rebellion at the port of Soor [Sur] by Syed Soweynee, the Governor of Muscat; the investigation of a complaint made by a bankrupt Muscat merchant against the British Agent at Muscat regarding his actions on behalf of British creditors and an interpretation of their rights under the commercial treaty between the British Government and the Imam of Muscat dated 31 May 1839; the recovery of customs duties irregularly demanded for British cargo aboard a ship temporarily detained at Muscat while on route from Bombay to Aden (folios 65, 116-118, 122, 163-164, 177-179, 194-195, 237-238).SHARJAH: Moollah Hussein the British Government Native Agent at Shargah and Shaikh Sultan bin Suggur [Sultan bin Saqr] the Chief of Rusul Khyma [Ras Al-khaimah] correspond with the Resident about the continuance of the African slave trade at Shargah and other Arabian ports by Persian vessels; the failed attempt to capture the Fort of Ejmaun by Shaikh Abdullah bin Sultan the Governor of Shargah, provoking the Shaikhs of Ejmaun [Ajman], Amulgavine [Umm al-Qaywayn] and Debaye [Dubai] into alliance with Shaikh Saeed bin Tahnoon [Said ibn Tahnun Al Nahayan] of Aboothabee [Abu Dhabi]; the defeat of the forces of the Wahabee (Wahhabi) Agent Saad ben Mootluk at Brymee [Buraimi] in Oman by the combined forces of Shaikh Saeed bin Tahnoon the Chief of Aboothabee and Shaikh Syed Humood bin Azan the Chief of Sohar: the confederacy between Shaikh Sultan bin Suggur the Chief of Rusul Khyma, Shaikh Muktoom [Maktum] the Chief of Debai [Dubai] and the Wahabee Agent Saeed ben Mootluk to re-possess Brymee by force and re-establish the Wahabee authority of Ameer Fysul the ruler of Nedgd, in Oman (folios 47-49, 52-53, 62-64, 66-67, 134-138, 151-155, 185-189, 215-217, 227-228, 251-257, 270-272, 287-290).The Resident’s correspondence with Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Farrant, British Chargé d’Affaires at the Court of the Shah of Persia, Tehran includes English translations of the following documents:Reports from Sheikh Syf bin Nubhan the Governor of Bunder Abbas [Bandar-e ʻAbbās] about Persian aggressions against Bunder Abbas and other lands on the Persian coast of the Gulf, belonging to the Imam of Muscat (folios 42-45, 95-96, 111-114);Orders issued by the Governors of Fars and Persian Arabia, prohibiting the future importation by sea of African slaves into Persia (folios 142-143, 190-191, 247);Reports from Meerza (Mirza) Mahmood the British Government Native Agent at Shiraz about public unrest in Shiraz, following reports of the death of the Shah of Persia on 4 September 1848 (folios 29-30, 128-129, 198-199, 213, 218-220, 235-237, 261-263, 274-279).Physical description: Foliation: the contents are numbered 2 to 311, from the front to the back of the volume. The numbering is written in pencil on the recto,in the top right corner and encircled. Folios 305 to 311 are blank. At the back of the volume is a transparent polyester sleeve numbered 312 that contains the remnants of the broken volume spine. The front cover of the volume is numbered 1. The plain white board at the back of the volume is unnumbered. This is the main numbering system and should be used for referencing this volume.Pagination: the contents are also paginated from 1 to 585. The numbering is written in ink, in the top right hand corner of the page. The page numbers 1 to 4 are no longer visible, because the right hand edge of the page is torn and missing.Condition: broken front cover (folio 1), two torn pages (folios 2-3), one tear at the bottom edge of the paper (folio 188), broken, detached spine cover (folio 312), missing back cover.
127. ‘Cutch Mandavie. Importation of Six slaves into-.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence which form partial enclosures to a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 12 November 1845. A copy of this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103838 and further enclosures to this letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2157/103843.The item relates to a request from the Court of Directors to the Government of Bombay for an update on the case of six enslaved people who had been taken into Mandavie [Mandvi], originally reported by James Grant Lumsden, the previous Political Agent at Cutch [Kachchh]. The request is passed on to the Government of India which responds with copies of correspondence from the Government of Scinde [Sindh] and Henry Gee Roberts, the new Political Agent at Cutch, providing an update on the six enslaved people.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5410, Draft 786/46’, ‘Vol: 7’, ‘Collection N. 11 of N. 124’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’. The ‘N. 11’ has been crossed out with different ink.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 866, and terminates at f 871, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
128. ‘Kutch. Purchase of Sedee females at Muscat by Natives of-’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from a Government of Bombay Political Consultation, 8 July 1849.The item relates to the deposition of Rehun Toolah [Raḥmat Allāh], a mussulman [Muslim] inhabitant of Cutch [Kachchh], in which he admits that he purchased a 'Seedie' [Sīdī, also rendered in text as Sedee and Seedee] woman at Muscat and has subsequently married her. He also states that there are other members of his caste who have done the same. The deposition is forwarded by Thomas Ogilvy, Political Agent in Cutch, to the Government of Bombay. The Governor of Bombay orders the matter to be brought to the attention of the Rao of Cutch and Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and the East India Company's Agent in the Dominions of the Imam [Imām] of Muscat. The latter is instructed to report the above to the Imam with a view to preventing future cases.The title page of the item contains the following references: 'Bombay Political Department', 'Draft No. 189 of 1850', 'Vol: 7', 'Collection No 6 of No 125', and 'Examiner’s Office'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 169, and terminates at f 173, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
129. 'Memorandum by Captain Eastwick'
- Description:
- Abstract: A printed memorandum written by Captain William Joseph Eastwick, member of the Council of India, London, 13 July 1868.The document covers relations between Britain, Persia, Muscat, and Zanzibar. There is discussion of the administration of the region, and suggestions for change. The situation regarding the subsidy paid by Zanzibar to Muscat is also addressed. The East African slave trade is then discussed in this light.Physical description: Foliation: ff 21-25.Pagination: the document has an original, printed pagination system from 1 to 9.
130. 'Correspondence relating to the appointment of Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere's mission to Zanzibar, Nov 1872'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file contains correspondence sent from Earl Granville [the Foreign Secretary, Granville George Leveson-Gower] to Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere prior to his (Frere's) mission to Zanzibar as a Special Envoy of the Foreign Office in 1872.The file contains a copy of a letter (folio 104) from Earl Granville to the Sultan of Zanzibar, Barghash bin Said, introducing Frere to him and outlining the purpose of his mission to Zanzibar.The file also contains a draft of a treaty regarding the regulation of slavery that Granville requested Frere to translate into Arabic and present to the Sultans of Zanzibar and Muscat (folio 105r).Physical description: Condition: the file is contained within a bound volume that contains a number of other files.Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at f 104, and terminates at f 106, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between ff 5-134; these numbers are written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
131. ‘Muscat – Slave Trade – Two Indians rescued from slavery’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations, cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. It is the fourth in a series of seven items on the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2014/89996, 89997, 89998, 90000, 90001, and 90002). The principal correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Rubik bin Uslan [Khwāji Rūbin bin Aṣlān], Native Agent at Muscat.The item concerns:Hoossein Bushkh bin Cutwa Coombhar [Ḥusayn Bakhsh bin Katu’ā Kumhār], a boy from Lucknow, who was sold into slavery in Muscat and subsequently emancipated and sent to Bombay [Mumbai] by Rubik bin UslanAn Indian woman who was sold at Muscat but released from slavery by Rubik bin Uslan.The item includes a contents page, and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 666, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4079, [Season 18]43’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 215, and terminates at f 233, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
132. ‘Muscat – Slave Trade’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, consultations, minutes, and resolutions cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The main correspondents are: the Government of Bombay; the Government of India; Reuben Aslan, the Native Agent at Muscat. It is the third in a series of five items concerning the trade in enslaved people (the others are IOR/F/4/2033/92119, 92120, IOR/F/4/2034/92122, and 92123).The item concerns:The liabilities of British subjects at Muscat concerning enslaved peoplePossible penalties for boats carrying enslaved people in the Red Sea or Persian GulfThe rescue of an Indian girl kidnapped from near Hyderabad, who was sold at Muscat by the sister of the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa’id bin Sultan Al Bu Sa’id]The restoration to her husband of an Indian woman from Muscat who lacked the means of returning after a pilgrimageThe legality of purchasing enslaved people for the purpose of emancipation.The item includes a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft 253, P.C. [Previous Communication] 4278, [Season 18]44’, ‘Vol: 3’, and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 4 and terminates at f 45, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.