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1. 'File 2/6 II/A-8- Volume II. Karachi - Aden Civil Air Route.'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains telegrams, letters, and reports related to the agreement between the British and the Muscat and Oman governments to build air facilities/landing grounds at Salalah, Masirah and Ras al-Hadd and the use of those grounds by the Royal Air Force as a war measure. The volume also contains correspondence related to the Karachi-Aden, and Muscat-Aden Air routes.The volume includes reports related to trouble caused by a certain Shaikh of Masirah and his followers, something which affected the work taking place and forced it to stop. Further trouble was caused by 'coolies' [pejorative term used by the British to refer to a non-British labourer] striking and demanding increased wages.The volume also includes reports on the progress of the work; the budget; delays of payment claimed by the engineers; reports on ships loading and unloading at the facilities; standing orders for personnel of the Royal Air Force and British Airways stationed on the South Arabian Aerodromes in the territory of the Sultan of Muscat and Oman. It also includes copies of reports sent by the Political Agent, Muscat on his tours at Salalah, Masirah and Ras al-Hadd.The main correspondents in the volume are: the Political Agency, Muscat; the Political Residency, Bushire; and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Muscat.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 258; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-258; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
2. 'File 2/6 Southern Arabian Air Route. II-A/8'
- Description:
- Abstract: The volume contains correspondence in the form of telegrams, letters, and reports related to the air facilities/landing grounds at Salalah, Masirah and Ras al-Hadd used by the Royal Air Force (RAF) as a war measure. The correspondence is related to the arrangement for engineers and workers to be sent to the landing grounds. In the correspondence, the term 'Coolies' [a pejorative term used by the British to refer to a non-British labourer] has been used to refer to workers.The volume includes correspondence related to the work in progress; situation of the workers, their salaries, health conditions, strike and replacement procedure; delays to payments claimed by the engineers; reports on ships loading and unloading at the air facilities and the capacities of those facilities; as well as correspondence with the firm of Khimji Ramdas to arrange for workers’ transportation.The volume contains correspondence between the Political Agent, Muscat and the Government of Muscat and Oman regarding the supply of workers and building materials, and the cooperation of the latter in storing fuel and other equipment in a safe, adequately guarded place. The volume also contains correspondence between the Political Residency at Bushire, and Royal Air Force officers at Sharjah and Basra to provide aircraft whenever needed by the Political Agent, Muscat or his Assistant at Salalah.The volume includes reports on the visits of officers of the Iraq Levies and the Political Resident (at different times) to the Southern Aerodromes at Bahrain, Sharjah, Muscat, Masirah and Ras al-Hadd. It also includes reports regarding RAF petrol landed, grade, quantity, and average daily rate of discharge in tonnes; the standing orders for personnel of the Royal Air Force; and the arrival of two hundred American base personnel at Salalah.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 165; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
3. 'File 8/72 MUSCAT STATE AFFAIRS: MUSCAT LEVIES STRIKE; MUSCAT CUSTOMS STRIKE'
- Description:
- Abstract: This file concerns actions taken by the Muscat authorities following strikes by members of the Muscat Levies (also referred to as the Muscat Infantry) and the Muscat Customs Department respectively. The Muscat Levies strike – the result of a recent cancellation of rations – occurred in 1942 and ended with the dismissal of 119 men. The strike by Customs staff, mainly over low salaries, began in 1944, reportedly with encouragement from Saiyid Shahab [Sayyid Shihāb bin Fayṣal Āl Bū Sa‘īd], Minister of External Affairs, Muscat.The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Agent and Consul, Muscat; the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf; the Sultan of Muscat and Oman [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr Āl Bū Sa‘īd].The Arabic language material consists of two items of correspondence (English translations are included).Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 44; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence between ff 32-43, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
4. Coll 28/120(2) ‘Persia. Ahwaz – Consular Diaries’
- Description:
- Abstract: Monthly consular diaries submitted by HM Consul-General at Ahwaz [Ahvāz] in Persia [Iran]. The diaries cover the period January 1946 to December 1947, and describe affairs in Ahwaz under various subheadings. Subjects covered include: British officials and visitors; the evacuation of British troops from the region as part of an Anglo-Soviet agreement following the end of the Second World War; Persian officials and visitors; movements of foreigners; Soviet interests; communications, including railways and postal services; agricultural production, including food supply, food prices, and price controls; tribes, including the Bakhtiari; local politics, including the activities of local political parties, in particular the Tudeh Party of Iran; local elections; local press; internal security, and Persian military activities in the region; regional affairs, including the region’s Arab population and affairs in Luristan [Lorestān]; health, including diseases and medicine; education; meteorological observations, including rainfall statistics; the affairs of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), including a description of events at Abadan on 14 July 1946, in which a riot at the AIOC refinery resulted in the deaths of at least twenty-four people (ff 39-42). Also included in the file is a report entitled an ‘Appreciation of local conditions from November 1945 to May 1946’ (ff 44-48).The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 111; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
5. Coll 28/85S (1) ‘Persia. Abadan and S. W. Persian oilfields; Protection of British interests.’
- Description:
- Abstract: Papers relating to strikes and social unrest amongst workers on the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company’s (AIOC) oilfields in southern Iran (frequently referred to as Persia throughout the file), and the AIOC refinery at Abadan. The file’s principal correspondents include: the British Ambassador at Tehran, John Haller Le Rougetel; the Counsellor for Indian Affairs at the British Embassy in Tehran, Clarmont Percival Skrine; the Foreign Office.The file covers: initial reports of unrest at Abadan in May 1946; the Tudeh Party of Iran’s perceived involvement in fomenting unrest amongst AIOC employees; unrest amongst Indian AIOC employees, and discussion amongst British officials over plans to repatriate perceived ringleaders back to India; the despatch of Indian troops to Shaiba [Shu‘aybah] in Iraq, that could be deployed to quell social unrest in southern Iran if required; accounts of events on 14 July 1946, in which violent clashes occurred between socialist activists associated with the Tudeh Party who supported AIOC workers, and representatives of the Arab Tribal Union; a facsimile of an account of the events 14 July 1946 written by Vere William Digby Willoughby, British Consul at Khorramshahr (ff 214-249); a report on working and living conditions for Indian AIOC employees, submitted by the Indian Press Officer attached to the British Embassy in Tehran (ff 170-181); a report entitled ‘Social and municipal development carried out by the Anglo-Iranian Company, Limited, in Abadan and the south Persian oilfields’, submitted by the AIOC Chairman, William Fraser (ff 143-162); a report on AIOC labour conditions in Iran, submitted by K J Hird, Labour Attaché at the British Embassy in Tehran, dated 31 December 1946 (ff 87-101); the withdrawal of Indian troops from Shaiba in April 1947, in response to a stabilisation of the political situation in Iran; quarterly reports on affairs at AIOC, prepared by HM Consul-General at Khorramshahr, describing worker morale, potentially subversive activities, social improvements for workers, etc.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 557; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
6. Coll 28/85S (1) ‘Persia; Abadan and S.W. Persian Oilfields; A.I.O.C. Indian Employees’
- Description:
- Abstract: The file is a direct chronological continuation of Coll 28/85S (1) ‘Persia. Abadan and S. W. Persian oilfields; Protection of British interests.’ (IOR/L/PS/12/3490A). It consists chiefly of extracts of quarterly reports, prepared by HM Consul-General at Khorramshahr, on affairs at the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), and extracts from the Khorramshahr Consulate Diary. The reports concern working conditions and unrest amongst Indian and Pakistani employees at AIOC, and subversive activities amongst AIOC employees. Reference is made in several reports to the activities of the Rashtraya Sevak Sangh group at the AIOC (also referred to as the Hindu Communal Army [Rāṣṭrīya Svayamsēvaka Saṅgha]). Some of the reports in the file are marked top secret.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 33; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.