Abstract: Translation of the Preliminary Treaty between Major-General Sir William Grant Keir, on behalf of Great Britain, and Sultan bin Soggur [Shaikh Sulṭān I bin Ṣaqr al-Qāsimī], signed at Ras il Khyma [Ra’s al-Khaymah] on 9 January 1820.The treaty was enclosed in Keir’s letter to HM Chargé d’Affaires to Persia [Iran], Henry Willock, of January 1820 (see IOR/L/PS/9/68/232).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
Abstract: Translation of the Preliminary Treaty between Major-General Sir William Grant Keir, on behalf of Great Britain, and Mahomed bin Haza bin Zaal [Muhammad bin Hazza' bin Za'l al-Yasi], the Sheikh of Dubey [Shaikh of Dubai], signed on behalf of Mahomed bin Haza bin Zaal by Ahmed bin Futeiss [Ahmad bin Futays], at Ras-il Khyma [Ra's al Khaymah] on 9 January 1820.The treaty was enclosed in Keir’s letter to HM Chargé d’Affaires to Persia [Iran], Henry Willock, of January 1820 (see IOR/L/PS/9/68/232).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
Abstract: Translation of a letter from the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, in Tabreez [Tabriz], to Abbas Meerza [ʿAbbās Mīrzā Qājār, Crown Prince of Persia], of 18 March 1828. The letter concerns the agreement between Macdonald Kinneir and Abbas Meerza for the abrogation of the third and fourth articles of the treaty existing between Britain and Persia [Definitive Treaty of 1814] in return for the sum of 200,000 tomauns [tomans] from Britain (see IOR/L/PS/9/71/192-193). Macdonald Kinneir advises on the payment of the bills for the money, and indicates that he has reported discussions between himself and Abbas Meerza concerning the latter’s wish for the payment of a sum larger than 200,000 tomauns to his superiors but cannot be held responsible for the outcome. He also states that Abbas Meerza may return the money and annul the agreement should he so wish.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 1 in dispatch No. 91, in Macdonald Kinneir’s dispatch No. 34 to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 28 March 1828 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/253).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
Abstract: Translation of a letter from the Grand Vizier to the Shah of Persia [Iran], Meerza Mohammed Sheffea Moatemed-ed-Dowlah [Mirza Muḥammad Shafī‘ Māzandarānī] to HM Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Marquis Wellesley, of 19 July 1810. The letter is in celebration of the newly formed alliance between Britain and Persia and in acknowledgment of the appointment of a British ambassador to Persia. The letter also praises the work of HM Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Persia, Sir Harford Jones, towards the consummation of the alliance.The letter was enclosed in Jones's secret letter of 27 July 1810, which was received on 21 November 1810.Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
Abstract: Translation of a note by the following Persian plenipotentiaries: Mirza Shefi [Mirza Muḥammad Shafī‘ Māzandarānī], the Grand Vizier of the Shah of Persia [Iran]; Mirza Buzurk [Mirza ‘Isá Khan Farāhānī, Mirza Buzurg], the Vizier of the Crown Prince of Persia; and Mirza Abdul Wahab [Mirza ‘Abdul Wahhāb Nishāṭ Iṣfahānī], the Royal Secretary; written during the negotiations for the revision of the Definitive Treaty between Britain and Persia, of 21 November 1814. The note argues that should the British military mission engaged in training Persian troops be withdrawn from Persia, the discipline of the Persian army would suffer. The note also discusses the actions of British troops during the battle at Uslanduz [Aslanduz], during which the Persians claim the British troops fought against the Russians.The note was enclosed in Morier and Ellis’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 30 November 1814 (see IOR/L/PS/9/68/158).Physical description: 1 item (2 folios)
Abstract: Translation of an official note from the Persian Minister for Foreign Affairs, Meerza Abul Hassan Khan [Mīrzā Abū al-Ḥasan Khān Shīrāzī], to the East India Company Envoy to Persia [Iran], Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonald Kinneir, dated 1 Zechujeh [Dhū al-Qaʿdah] AH 1242 [27 May 1827] (the original note in Persian is catalogued as IOR/L/PS/9/71/18). In the note, Meerza Abul Hassan Khan discusses the treaty relations existing between Britain and Persia, including the British commitment to mediating between Russia and Persia in the case of aggression from the former, or else providing the latter with financial assistance. Referring to the ongoing war between Russia and Persia [Russo-Persian War, 1826-1828], Meerza Abul Hassan Khan remonstrates against the failure of the British Government to facilitate peace or to provide assistance to Persia, and indicates that on account of this it is the intention of the Persian Government to send an envoy to Britain to ascertain the views of the British Government.This document was originally enclosed, numbered 2, in Macdonald Kinneir’s letter to the Secret Committee of the East India Company of 25 June 1827 (IOR/L/PS/9/71/17).Physical description: 1 item (4 folios)
Abstract: Correspondence relating to negotiations over revisions in the tariff questions relating to the proposed tarrif treaty with Muscat. Includes correspondence relating to negotiations with France, United States, Irish Free State and Canada. Arabic terminology is discussed relating to alcohol and tobacco and the Sultan's understanding of specific terms in English relating to alcohol such as "under proof". Also contains a number of letters in Arabic with translations in English from Said bin Taimur [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr], Sultan of Muscat; a few letters in French from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the British Embassy, Muscat.An annex to the file (35/146) consists of printed confidential letters, 1929-1930, relevant to the finances of the sultanate.Correspondents include Said bin Taimur [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr], Sultan of Muscat; Percy Gordon Loch, Political Resident Persian Gulf; Major Ralph Ponsonby Watts, Political Agent Muscat; Major Claude Edward U Bremner, Political Agent Muscat; John Charles Walton, India Office, Whitehall. Alfred Wiseman, Dominions Office, London; Maurice J Clauson, India Office, London.Physical description: The foliation sequence commences at the title page and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, and can be found in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.Foliation errors: 1, 1A and 1B. Foliation omissions: 145 and 148
Abstract: It consists of a military report on S W Persia, specifically Arabistan [Khūzestān], created for the personal information of the officers of the Army in India. Compiled in the Division of the Chief of the Staff, Army Head Quarters, India. Printed at the Government Monotype Press, Simla, 1910.It includes a preface by Wilfrid Malleson, Assistant Quarter-Master General, Intelligence Branch.It is divided into the following sections:general considerations – geographical, political, and commercial;military considerations – communications, supplies, transport, climate, military capacities of inhabitants, medical, and harbour reports;route reports – incorporating comments on the road, climate, supplies, grazing, fuel, water, transport and physical obstacles;appendices – including a table of principal tribes of Arabistan, a translation of Kārūn River Regulations, and abstracts of: the terms of an agreement between Sheikh Khaz'al and the Bakhtīārī Khāns; the Treaty of Erzeroum (1847), the Turko-Persian Boundary Agreement (England and Russia); the Boundary Agreement (Turkey and Persia); and the Nāsirī Company's Concession.Also includes one map on folio 45: 'MAP to illustrate Military Report on S.W. PERSIA'.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 46; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Abstract: The item discusses a proposal to revise the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation signed between Great Britain and Muscat in 1892.The correspondence includes the opinions of the India Office, the Government of India, the Foreign Office, the Colonial Office, the Board of Trade, the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, the Political Agent and Consul at Muscat, and the Sultan of Muscat on the revisions required for the treaty.The item concludes with the decision not to revise the 1891 Treaty, instead agreeing to an extension of the existing treaty for a further five years from February 1914.Also discussed are questions arising from the proposed revision:the protection of Goanese subjects of Portugal in Muscat;the protection extended by the French Government to subjects of Christian powers residing at Muscat who did not have their own consul.This is part 3 of 6. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 208, and terminates at f 349, as part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
Abstract: The file consists of a typescript confidential document entitled 'Right of H.M.G. [His Majesty's Government] to contract engagements on behalf of the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf in International Agreements': note by External Department, India Office, dated April 1946. The note discusses the question of the right of the British Government to speak on behalf of Koweit [Kuwait], Bahrein [Bahrain], Qatar, and the Trucial Sheikhdoms in the light of:(1) the Chicago Air Agreements;(2) the recent Petroleum Agreement between the governments of the United Kingdom and the United States;(3) the Bretton Woods Agreements.The conclusion is that in order to maintain the position of the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf (excluding Muscat) as British protected states, the British must from time to time undertake international obligations on their behalf and see that the states themselves fulfil such obligations.The document has an annex by Sir Charles Geoffrey Prior, Political Resident in the Persian Gulf, containing his views on the question, dated 27 September 1945.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at 1 on the first folio and terminates at 3 on the last folio. The numbers are written in pencil, are enclosed in a circle, and appear in the top right corner of the recto page of each folio. This is the system used to determine the order of pages.Pagination: the file also contains an original typescript pagination sequence numbered 2-3, which appears at the top centre of folios 1-2.
Abstract: Memorandum providing an overview of the external developments which took place in the Trucial States, covering 1908-28, and how problems presented by the States stand at the time of writing.Covering:introduction – to the memorandum itself; Trucial Chiefs; administration; responsibility of political control by the Government of India; and political expenditure;internal History, 1908-28 – noting it is not to be repeated in this memorandum, but does include a section on an agreement concerning oil concessions;external developments affecting the Trucial Sheikhs, 1908-28 – the rise of Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd] and activity of the Wahabis [Wahhabis]; the reassertion of Persian authority in the Persian Gulf, particularly Henjam; and Persia challenging the independence of Trucial Chiefs, particularly Tamb;It includes a summary detailing the problem of Ibn Saud and the Wahabi [Wahhabi] movement, the question of an Imperial air route along the north Arabian coast, and the importance of British influence in the Gulf. A list of points referred to in connection with the Persian Gulf Sub-Committee, and the view expressed by the Government of India are also given.Written by John Gilbert Laithwaite of the India Office.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at f 53, and terminates at f 56, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
Abstract: The volume comprises correspondence and discussions regarding the economic and political situation in relation to oil in the Middle East during and immediately after the Second World War. At the centre of the discussions are talks which took place in Washington DC between US and UK government officials looking at the global importance of oil, which focused particularly on oil in the Middle East.The talks concluded with the production of a memorandum of understanding which was published 8 August 1944 as the Agreement on Petroleum between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, otherwise known as the Anglo-American Oil Agreement (1945).Also included in the volume is correspondence between the Political Resident in the Persian Gulf (Charles Geoffrey Prior), the Secretary to the Government of India, External Affairs Department (Olaf Kirkpatrick Caroe), the India Office, and His Majesty’s Minister at Jeddah (Stanley Jordan) regarding two proposed pipelines. The first being the ‘trans-arabian pipeline’ which it was proposed would link the Middle East to the Mediterranean. The proposal was initially postponed owing to heavy criticism of it in the United States press but was later taken up by the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO). The second proposal from the Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) and the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC, later renamed ARAMCO) was for a pipeline to take crude oil from Dhahran [Aẓ-Ẓahrān], Saudi Arabia to the BAPCO refinery at Bahrain.Also included is correspondence between the Chief Local Representative for BAPCO (Milton H Lipp, Ward P Anderson) and the Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (Charles Dalrymple Belgrave) regarding possible sites for the pipeline and the reservation of required land. Further discussion centred on the question of the eastern frontier of Saudi Arabia, which was in dispute, and whether His Majesty’s Government should look to tackle the matter at that time with the Saudi Arab Government or wait until the progress of the oil companies required its resolution. Jabal Naksh and Khor-al-Odaid [Khawr al ‘Udayd], which were claimed by Qatar and Abu Dhabi respectively, and whose claims were supported by His Majesty’s Government but contested by Saudi Arabia were discussed as being key areas in the frontier dispute.Another matter discussed in the volume was a visit paid by the Mission of the Petroleum Reserves Corporation to the Middle East. The Mission’s purpose was to review resources of petroleum in the Middle East and its itinerary included visits to Kuwait, Dhahran, and Bahrain. The mission was headed by Everette Lee Degoyler and also included the eminent geologists and petroleum experts Dr George Martin Lees, William Embry Wrather, and John Herhold Murrell.Other matters touched on in the volume include a request by ARAMCO to undertake a hydrographic survey of the coast line of the Kuwait Neutral Zone; the possibility of resuming oil field production in Qatar and Kuwait provided the necessary equipment could be obtained from the USA; articles published in American journals and newspapers regarding the global oil situation and oil in the Middle East; and a visit paid by Major Frank Holmes to Kuwait in 1944.Also included in the volume are a number of notes and memorandums relating to oil in the Middle East:notes produced at an oil conference in Cairo in 1944 which described oil production in Bahrain and Kuwait, they contained a number of inaccuracies and were re-written by the Political Agents for Bahrain and Kuwait with assistance from the Chief Local Representatives of the Bahrain Petroleum Company and the Kuwait Oil Company;The future of oil in its relation to the Middle East; memorandum produced by Arthur Charles Hearn, Admiralty, 11 October 1940 (ff 9-21);Note on present oil position in Persian Gulfby Commodore John Montagu Howson, Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf (ff 103-104 );Memorandum on the oil concessions in the Arab Sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf,by the External Department, India Office, 13 Mar 1944 (ff 126-134);A survey of the oil resources in the Middle East(With map and graph), Research Department, Foreign Office, 28 Feb 1945 (ff 239-250);Iraq Oil(ff 257-267).A series of file notes which were maintained as a record of the correspondence in the volume can be found at folios 272-283.Physical description: Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 287; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 7-270; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and are located in the same position as the main sequence. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.