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49. ‘Muscat. Report of the possessions of His Highness the Imaum.’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, a political letter from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai]. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Captain Atkins Hamerton, Her Majesty's Consul and the Honourable Company's Agent in the Dominions of His Highness the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat. The political letter, of which this item is an enclosure, can be found in IOR/F/4/2121/100024.The item concerns a request by the Government of India for a report on the history of Britain’s relations with the states on the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf, and contains a report on the Imam of Muscat and the territories belonging to him, produced by Captain Hamerton, and related correspondence.The item contains a table of contents (f 331), and the title page (f 330) contains the following references: ‘P C [Previous Communication] 5061, Coll. 5, Vol. 3’, ‘D/t 29/46’, ‘Collection No. 3 of No. 18’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 330 and terminates at f 339, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the volume also contains an original pagination sequence.
50. ‘Muscat. Complaints against Captain Hamerton, Her Majesty’s Consul and Honble Company’s Agent.’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, Political Letters from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] to the East India Company Court of Directors, dated 19 June and 19 July 1845.The item relates to explanations provided by Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul at Zanzibar and the Company’s Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat, in response to complaints made against him by Captain Robert Cogan and the Imaum. Hamerton is accused of:Being disrespectful to the Imaum and his subjectsMisrepresenting the Imaum to the Government of BombayCausing a resident of Zanzibar to be cruelly punished.Hamerton provides examples of occasions on which he has had to complain to the Imaum, especially with regards to the proper enforcement of the commercial treaty concluded between the Imaum and Her Britannic Majesty. However, he states that he has never intentionally disrespected the Imaum or his subjects. He also provides his own account of the incident in which the Zanzibar resident was punished, as well making his own allegations against Cogan. The item also includes the Governor of Bombay’s thoughts on Hamerton’s responses.Hamerton is also referred to as the ‘Agent at Muscat’, even though he is based at Zanzibar.The correspondents are: Hamerton and the governments of India and Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5061, Draft 29/46, Coll[ection]: 27’, ‘Collection No. 1 of No. 68’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 666, and terminates at f 692, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
51. ‘Muscat. Complaint of His Highness the Imaum, of the annoyance occasioned to his people at the Indian Custom Houses’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, extracts from a Bombay [Mumbai] Political Consultation, 2 July 1845. The papers contained in this item are partial enclosures to a Political Letter sent from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 14 July 1845. A copy of this Political Letter can be found at IOR/F/4/2122/100076, alongside details of further enclosures.The item relates to the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat’s complaint that his merchants are being unfairly treated at numerous Customs Houses in India and that, in particular, ‘Arab merchants’ are affected by this perceived mistreatment. Following confirmation from the Collector of Customs at Bombay that the Imaum’s vessels are charged the same as ‘British bottoms’ [goods carried on British ships], the matter is referred to the Government of Madras (also called Government of Fort St George [Chennai]) since an example given by the Imaum of this mistreatment mentions the Malabar Coast. The Government of Madras is reminded that the 1839 commercial treaty concluded between the Imaum and Her Britannic Majesty the Queen states that the Imaum’s vessels are to be charged the same amount of customs duty as British bottoms.The correspondents are: Captain Atkins Hamerton, HM Consul and the Company’s Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum of Muscat; H W Glass, Collector of Customs, Bombay; and the Government of Bombay.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘P.C. [Previous Communication] 5061, Draft 29/46, Coll[ection]: 23, Vol: 13’, ‘Collection No. 1 of No. 76’ and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 513, and terminates at f 518, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
52. ‘Muskat. Loss of the Ship “Centaur” of Calcutta. Vol: 1’
- Description:
- Abstract: This item consists of copies of correspondence, minutes, and consultations cited in, or enclosed with, political letters from the Government of Bombay. The correspondents are the Government of Bombay and Major Atkins Hamerton, British Agent and Consul in the Dominions of the Imam of Muscat. It is the first in a series of two items about the loss of the Centaur.The item concerns the wreck of the Centaurat Alkhabba [Ra’s al Khabbah], loss of her cargo, and the return of her crew to Muskat [Muscat]. The item also describes the actions of the Imam of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd].The item contains a contents page and the title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Draft No 969-1852’ and ‘Collection No 7 of No 68 (in 2 volumes)’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with f 1206, and terminates at f 1214, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
53. ‘Muskat. Result of the remonstrance addressed to His Highness the Imaum- touching the unfair division of an insolvent merchants assets amongst his creditors’
- Description:
- Abstract: The item consists of copies and extracts of correspondence and minutes cited in, or enclosed with, a Political Letter from the Government of Bombay to the East India Company Court of Directors, 18 July 1849.The item relates to the Court of Directors and the Government of Bombay’s dissatisfaction with the Imaum of Muscat [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd, Imām of Muscat], following the ‘unfair’ division of assets belonging to an insolvent merchant, Dhurumsee [Dharamsī], between his creditors, including British subjects. Captain Atkins Hamerton, Her Majesty’s Consul and the Company’s Agent in the Dominions of His Highness the Imaum of Muscat, writes to the Government updating them on actions taken by the Imaum to rectify the situation. Copies of relevant correspondence are forwarded to Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Hennell, Resident in the Persian Gulf.The title page of the item contains the following references: ‘Bombay Political Department’, ‘Draft No. 743 of 1850’, ‘Collection No 11 of No 49’, and ‘Examiner’s Office’.Physical description: Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description (used for referencing) commences at f 856, and terminates at f 863, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the bottom right corner of the recto side of each folio.Pagination: the item also contains an original pagination sequence.
54. ‘His Highness the Imaum's proposition for dividing his Dominions in the event of his death’
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosure nos. 2-4 to a despatch from the Secret Department, Government of Bombay [Mumbai], dated 31 December 1844. The enclosures are dated 11 July-2 December 1844.The enclosures consist of correspondence relating to: the stated intention of the Imam of Muscat and Oman [Sayyid Sa‘īd bin Sulṭān Āl Bū Sa‘īd] to leave Zanzibar to his son Saud Khalid [Khālid bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd] and Oman to his son Saud Thuwanee [Sayyid Thuwaynī bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd], and to disinherit his eldest son Saud Hillāl [Hilāl bin Sa‘īd Āl Bū Sa‘īd]; and reports that ships from the Imam’s dominions are regularly selling enslaved persons at a market in Quillimaine [Quelimane], Mozambique.The primary correspondent is the Native Agent, Muscat.Physical description: 1 item (12 folios)
55. Hostilities between the Imam of Muscat and the Shah of Persia, and Persian Actions in relation to Bahrein
- Description:
- Abstract: This part of the volume consists of copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 104 of 1848, dated 2 December 1848. The enclosures are numbered 3-16 and are dated 1 August to 18 November 1848. They consist of correspondence, and minutes by the Governor of Bombay, concerning potential hostilities between the Imam of Muscat and the Shah of Persia [Iran], in relation to previous 'aggressions' and potential further actions by the Governor of Kerman against Bunder Abbas [Bandar Abbas] and the districts in its vicinity leased by the Imam of Muscat. The enclosures also discuss Persian 'intrigues' in relation to Bahrein [Bahrain], including the Persian Consul at Baghdad, Hajee [Haji] Mirza Jabbar, opening correspondence with the ex-Chief [Hakim] of Bahrein, Abdullah ibn Ahmed [Shaikh Abdullah bin Ahmad Al Khalifah; variant spellings of his name used in this item].The main correspondents are as follows: the Chief Secretary to the Government of Bombay (Arthur Malet); HM Consul and HC [Honourable Company's] Agent in the Dominions of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat (Captain Atkins Hamerton); the Resident in the Persian Gulf (Major Samuel Hennell); HM Chargé d'Affaires at Tehran (Lieutenant Colonel Farrant); and the Political Agent in Turkish Arabia (Major Henry Creswicke Rawlinson).Physical description: There is an abstract of contents of the despatches, numbered 1-16, on folios 376-399. These numbers are repeated for reference on the verso of the last folio of each enclosure.
56. Persian Affairs and Persian Gulf Affairs
- Description:
- Abstract: This item comprises enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay [Mumbai] Secret Department to the Secret Committee [Bombay Secret Letter], No. 21 dated 29 March 1856. The enclosures are dated 29 January-25 February 1856.The papers comprise:1) Copies of despatches of Charles Augustus Murray, HM Envoy to Persia [Iran], to the Earl of Clarendon, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, forwarded for information to the Government of Bombay and the Government of India, with numerous enclosures. They cover subjects including the following:Reports in the Tehran Gazetteof the capture of Candahar [Kandahar] by Dost Mahomed Khan [Dūst Muḥammad Khān Bārakzāy], and his purported plans to capture HeartReports of the movement of Persian military forces to Khorassan [Khorasan] and Persian plans to repel Dost Mahomed Khan at Herat and any British force in the southern provinces of PersiaPersian claims that the British Government has broken its agreement not to interfere in the internal affairs of Afghanistan, following the production of: letters intercepted by the ruler of Herat, Prince Mohammed Yousuf [Muḥammad Yūsuf Khān, Regent of Herat], purportedly sent by the British Mission to Dost Mahomed Khan, which Murray insists were forged in order to provide a pretext to send troops to Herat; and letters delivered to Richard Stevens, HM Consul in Tehran (for Murray), said to be from ‘several chiefs of the principal Heratee Tribes and factions’ (f 339) proposing to support Britain against Persia (ff 341-342), which Murray claims are also forgeriesA copy of a lengthy anonymous paper (ff 346-356), which Murray claims is a ‘scurrilous libel’ originating from the Persian Government, intended for publication in Europe alleging the: misdemeanors of individual British officials in Tehran leading to the recent break in diplomatic relations; the duplicitousness of the British Government towards Persia; and active British support of Dost Mahomed Khan regarding Candahar and HeratCopies of six of translated letters, forwarded to Murray by Stevens, originating from the Sudr Azem [Ṣadr-i Aʿẓam, Persian Prime Minister], to various officials near the Persian borders with Afghanistan instructing them to cooperate with the approaching Meer Alum Khan [Mīr ‘Ālim Khān, also spelled Meer Allem Khan in this item] who has been ‘nominated to the post of protecting the boundary of Herat and certain other duties’ (f 358)Reports that the ruler of Herat has asked the Persian authorities at Meshed [Mashhad] to delay sending an army in the hopes of settling amicably with Dost Mahomed KhanMurray’s modification of the demands he deemed requisite for the restoration of diplomatic relations with the Persian Government, including an apology, drafted by Murray, which he requires to be signed by the ‘Mooshtehids and Moollahs’ [mujtahids and mullahs] withdrawing their ‘charges and accusations’ against him and the British Mission (f 333)Reports from the British Agent at Sheeraz [Shiraz] of an agreement concluded between the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat and Prince Governor of Fars regarding the port of Bender Abbass [Bandar Abbas], including the principal terms (f 338-339)2) A letter from Murray to the Governor-General of India stating his intention to remain at Tabreez [Tabriz] and his opinion that it may be necessary to remove troops from India for a foreign expedition against Persia in order to ‘ensure for [Britain] repose and respect for many years to come’ (f 365).3) Copies of despatches from Stevens to Murray, covering various matters including:Reports relating to Dost Mahomed Khan’s activities, intentions towards Herat and rumoured deathPersian claims that William Taylour Thomson, former British Envoy at Tehran, administered anti-Persian bribesA protest by Stevens regarding restrictions on British Indian subjects at Kirman [Kerman] and Yezd [Yazd] with regard to wool exports from those provincesA report that the Persian Government has attempted to delay Dost Mahomed Khan’s advance to Herat by creating an alliance with him against BritainPersian instructions to officials in eastern Persia inviting them to cooperate with and place troops at the disposal of Meer Alum Khan for duty on the frontiers and ‘other services’The arrival in Tehran of the first interpreter of the Persian Embassy at St Petersburgh [St Petersburg], bringing news of: the embassy’s financial needs; the request of the Persian ambassador to return to Persia; rumours, said to be false, of a Russian proposal for an alliance with Persia; economic hardship in Russia and the population’s desire for peace [Crimean War 1853-1856]; a rumour that Emperor Alexander wishes to meet the Shah in Tiflis [Tbilisi] next year; and rumours, suspected to be false, that the Russian Government promised the Persian Government monetary inducements to occupy Herat and CandaharIntelligence of the movement of Persian military forces to Shiraz intended for Bushire [Bushehr], Kermanshah, and Mohamura [Khorramshahr].4) Despatches from Commander James Felix Jones, Indian Navy, Acting Resident in the Persian Gulf, Bushire, to the Secretary to the Government, Bombay, notably covering the following matters:Murray’s advice that Jones neither take any action following the ‘maritime outrage committed by the dependents of the Sheikh of Chaab’ (f 378) nor alienate the chiefs of any other Arab tribes in southern Persia, especially since Mohumrah [Khorramshahr] is a potential landing point for a British expeditionConcern of the Persian authorities at Shiraz at the appearance of the steam vessels Victoriaand Ajdahafrom Bombay, and Persia’s removal of their troops and armaments from the island of Karrack [Kharg, also known as Khark]The continuing dispute between the Imam of Muscat and Persian Government over Bunder Abbas [Bandar Abbas] and the alleged plans of the Imam to attack Karrack and Bushire, and to recruit mercenaries from Gulf Arab tribes and tribes in Mesopotamia [Iraq] subject to [Ottoman] TurkeyIntelligence from the British Agent at Shiraz on Persian military strength, and the strategy of the Prince Governor of Fars regarding BushireJones’s correspondence with Murray, the Governor of Bushire, and the Commodore of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Gulf, to quell the alarm caused by recent British Squadron target practice exercises in the Bushire Roads.Physical description: 1 item (63 folios)
57. Affairs in Muscat
- Description:
- Abstract: Enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay Secret Department to the Secret Committee, Number 38 of 1846, dated 14 April 1846. The enclosures are dated and contain correspondence (in English and Arabic) relating to affairs in Muscat. Contents relate to: the suppression of the trade in enslaved people from Muscat’s dominions in [East] Africa and the Red Sea; a proposed blockade of Bushire [Bushehr] by Muscat; and a message from Queen Victoria urging the reconciliation between the Imam of Muscat and his eldest son, returning to the Island of Zanzibar via Mecca. This item commences with an abstract of contents (folios 440-446). Correspondence from the Political Agent at Muscat addressed to the Government of Bombay.Physical description: 1 item (34 folios)
58. The Diary and Consultation Book of William Henry Draper, Esq, 'Cheif for Affairs of the British Nation in the Gulph of Persia & ca. [in] Councill'
- Description:
- Abstract: This volume is the Diary and Consultation Book of William Henry Draper, 'Cheif for Affairs of the British Nation in the Gulph of Persia'. The volume contains diary entries and consultations at Gombroon [Bandar-e ‘Abbas], including: the appointment of John Fothringham to take 'Charge of the Warehouse', and William May as Steward, who will also assist St George Pack with the 'Secretary's business'; a remonstrance by the President of Bombay to the Bashaw of Bussorah [Pasha of Basra], and a letter from the Factory at Gombroon to the Court of Directors, delivered by Captain Martin French, on his way to Bussorah; the departure of the Supravisor Thomas Waters for Bombay [Mumbai], and the appointment of Draper as Chief Agent; a letter from John Courtney recommending two 'Mogull' passengers travelling with the Sallamat Rust, and requesting a convoy between 'Kishmish' [Qeshm] and Bussorah; a report that 'the Arabs [are] fitting out two Large Shipps w[i]th a Design to Cruize'; the instructions of Captain French to levy a duty on 'all Pepper imported at Bussarah'; the return of the Frigate Britanniaafter escorting the Supravisor to Jasques [Jask]; the letters to Owen Phillipps and the English Factory in Spahaun [Eşfahān], informing them of ‘the Supravisors Departure and the orders he had left behind’, and the Presidency's disapproval of their slackness in securing the release of the personnel at Spahaun; the orders to the commander of the Britannia, Captain Benson, to cruise between Cape Musseldom and Kishmish; the departure of a ship belonging to the Dutch East India Company for Bussorah carrying over 10,000 Tomans [Tumans]; a report about Prince Sultan Mahomed Mirza [Safavi] and 'Rice Jungie [i.e. Ra'is Jangi] the head of the Balooches' [Mir Abd Allah Khan Baluch] marching towards Gombroon to prevent its takeover by the former Shawbunder Mirzah Zaid Ally [Shahbandar Mirza Zahid ‘Ali Lari]; the news of 'Shaik Jeebarrah [Shaikh Jibarah bin Yasir al-Nasuri] declaring for the "Ophgoon interest" [Ghilza’i Afghans] and joining Mirzah Zaid Ally at Lhor [Lar]'; the orders to Captain Benson to prevent a vessel flying English colours from calling at Bassidore [Basa'idu]; a letter from Shaw Thomas [Shah Tahmasb II Safavi] on his siege of Carmania [Kerman] and intention to take Syde Achmat Caun [Sayyid Ahmad Khan Mar’ashi Safavi] prisoner; the instructions to Benson on any ships he encounters in 'Bassidore Road belonging to Cutch [Kutch] [and] Syndee [Sindh]'; the letters of Shaw Ashroph [Shah Ashraf Ghilza’i] to the Governor of Shyrash [Shiraz]; a letter from the Presidency of Bombay demanding payment from Shaikh Rashid and the suppression of trade at Basa'idu; an exchange of messages between Draper and the Governor of Gombroon; a message from Shaikh Rashid to Draper requesting that the Britanniacease diverting vessels away from Bassidore; the decision for Draper to take charge of the expedition to Bassidore and the preparation of a 'Memorial' to Shaikh Rashid; the conference between the Factory's linguist [interpreter] and the Governor of Gombroon; the letters from Abde’ Rahman Bashaw [Abd al-Rahman Pasha] and the Kyah of Bussorah to the Supravisor; the refusal of the Governor Mahomed Sally Begg [Muhammad Zal Beg] to hand over half of the customs; the relocation of Mirza Zahid ‘Ali to Sullgar 'a Large village near Lhor'; the arrival of the first Caphilah [qafilah, caravan] from Spahaun since 1722; the imprisonment of the merchant Hossein Begg [Husayn Beg]; the arrival of Sultan Muhammad Mirza Safavi's soldiers; the visit of the Governor of Gombroon to the Dutch Factory; a letter from the 'Cawzy' [i.e. Qazi / Qadi, or Judge] of Gombroon on Sultan Muhammad Mirza's reaction to the Bassidore expedition, and his decision to besiege the Factory at Gombroon; the letter from Draper to the 'most Illustrious Prince Sultan Mahomed Mirzah'; the diversion of the Fatteramania[Fath’-i Rahmani] and two other vessels from Bassidore; the mission of Rice Jungie's son to arrest Muhammad Zal Beg and besiege the Factory; the instructions to Cordeaux on the defence of Gombroon; an order from Sultan Muhammad Mirza to Muhammad Zal Beg to apprehend the merchants from Spahaun; the demands of the Grand Seigniour [Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III] from Shah Ashraf Ghilza’i, calling on him to surrender 'Casbin [Qazvin], Guilpagon [Gulpaygan?], & Sava [Savah]', return the 'Artillery, Money, Tents, & goods' captured from Gürcü Ahmed Pasha, and mint coins in the Sultan's name acknowledging him as the 'Emperour of the Muslemen'; the letters of Shaikh Rashid and the 'Principal Merchants at Bassidore'; a letter dispatched by Mirza Zahid Ali to Draper from Congo [Kong]; a letter from Shaikh Rashid thanking Draper for recalling his ships from Bassidore; the refusal of Captain Benson to comply with Draper's instructions; the arrival of the Fame, Fort St George, Salamanderand a ship belonging to the 'Emamum' [Imam] at Mocha; the advices to the Court of Directors carried by a 'Moors [i.e. Arabs'] Grabb' to Bussorah; the orders to Captain Phillip Peers, Commander of the Bengall[Bengal] Galley, to proceed to Lhoft [Laft]; the arrival of the Harrison with the Bashaw of Bussorah’s answer to the President's remonstrance; a letter from Sultan Muhammad Mirza to Draper appointing him Shahbandar of Gombroon; a letter from Draper to Abde Rahman Basahaw [Abd al-Rahman Pasha], Governor of Bussorah; the arrival of the Wakefieldunder the command of Captain Thomas Dixon; the instructions of the Chief Agent to Captain Peers and Captain Benson for a cruise to Bassidore, Asilo [Asaluyah], Charack [Charak], Bunder Bourchier [Bandar-i Bushihr] and other ports; the duel fought between Fotheringham and Draper outside the Factory in Gombroon; the declaration of Draper to Sergeant William Sharp, Sergeant Thomas Boyden and the military; the depositions of Sharp and Boyden concerning the duel and Cordeaux's appeal to the soldiers; the letter from Draper to French in Bussorah, ordering him to return at the 'very first opportunity'; the arrest of Cordeux by a 'file of Musqueteers'; and the breakup of Sultan Muhammad Mirza's camp, and his march to join Mir Abd Allah Khan Baluch.Physical description: The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 86; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio.
59. Letters between Harford Jones and Lord Elgin
- Description:
- Abstract: This item contains copies of two letters:1. A letter from Lord Elgin, HM Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, to Harford Jones, Resident in Bagdad [Baghdad], sent from Bonyakdere [Büyükdere] and dated 21 October 1802. Elgin reports discussions with Ottoman Ministers concerning: the nomination of Ally Pacha [‘Alī Pāshā al-Kahyah] as Governor of Bagdad; relations with Persia [Iran]; proposed accommodation with or actions against the Wa-ha-by [Wahhābī movement]; suspicions regarding the relations of the Imaum [Imam] of Muscat with the Wa-ha-by; and Russian activity in the Caucasus and Caspian Sea.2. A letter from Harford Jones to Lord Elgin, sent from Bagdad and dated 29 November 1802. The letter covers subjects including: a planned Ottoman diplomatic mission to Persia; the need for action against the Wa-ha-bies; a truce between the Imaum of Muscat and the Wa-ha-bies; French activity in Muscat; and Russian activity in the Caucasus.Physical description: 1 item (6 folios)
60. Letters and Enclosures etc., Received from Gombroon
- Description:
- Abstract: Two volumes in one slipcase containing a collection of letters and enclosures dispatched from Gombroon [Bandar-e ʻAbbas] Factory to ‘the Court of Directors for affairs of the United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies’. Almost every letter includes the date it was received overland via Aleppo and Marseilles. At some point these letters were assigned numbers from 2386 to 2486, in red (turned to purplish) ink. Any missing numbers in between indicate that the letter is missing. The letters cover a variety of issues and topics including:Accounts received from the East India Company (EIC)’s Factories at Spahaun [Esfahan, also written as Spahaune] and Carmenia [Kerman also written as Carmania], and checked at GombroonRecords of rogoms[raqams or ruqums: royal grants confirming specific trading privileges], and talligaws[ta‘liqas: official orders] granted or to be granted to the EIC’s establishments in Persia [Iran]. Examples of authentic translated copies of rogomscan be found in folios 25, 28, 89, 182 and 188Records of the EIC’s servants in Persia covering their names, stations, positions, date of commencing in the service, salaries, death, misbehaviours, complaints, and investigationsProposal to settle a Factory at Mushat [Mashhad]The activities of local Arab, Armenian, Ballooches [Baluch] and Persian merchants in the regionRecords of Dutch, French, Portuguese and Russian [written as muscovite] activities in the regionThe status of the wool trade at CarmeniaLists of woollen goods proper for Persian marketLists of commodities traded with including: broadcloth, sugar candy, spices, copper, iron, cotton, nuts, dates, coffee, silk, and riceThe rebellion of the Arabs and the agwaans [Afghans?] led by ‘the noted pyrate’ Shaik Ahmud Medannah [Shaikh Aḥmad Madanī, also written as Medanna]The Ophgoon [Afghan]-Persian warsThe Persian-Ottoman [Turks] warsBritish-Persian relationsBritish-Ottoman relationsDispute between the Arabs and the Bashaw of Bussorah [Pāshā of Basra]Reports of the Arabs plundering British shipsRecords of the accession of, three months old, Abbas III after the imprisonment of his father by Tahmasp Qoli Khan [Ṭahmāsb Qulī Khān, i.e. Nādir Shāh, Shāh of Persia 1732-1747]Dutch seizing the vessels of Shaik Russhett [Shaikh Rāshid al-Qāsimī, also written as Rachid] at Bassidore [Basidu, also written as Bassidoore]Persian navy assisting the Hoveyza Arabs [Huwayza Arabs of Khuzistan, also written as Havizah] in their siege of BussorahNews of the Hoola [Hawala/ Huwala] Arabs revolting against the PersianThe Imaum of Muscat [Imam of Muscat, also written as Muscatt] asking for Persian help against his rebellious subjectsNādir Shāh claiming himself the master of Muscat and Julfar [also written as Julphar]Nādir Shāh's invasion of the Mogull Empire [Mughal]Detailed accounts of the state of affairs and inland military operations in a number of provinces in Persia and the names of local governors and generals involved.The volumes contain records of letters from the Resident at Bussorah covering: the relations with Ottoman officials, letters from the British Consul at Aleppo, the state of affairs in the region, and the status of the EIC’s trade at Bussorah.The volumes include detailed reports of the state of the Company’s trade in Persia covering the following: shipping; goods from Europe or India; investments; the Factory’s accounts and charges; customs and revenues; the trade in Persia in general and any transactions with the Persian Government; buildings and fortifications; and the EIC’s covenant servants, soldiers, and their accounts.The volumes also include lists recording the arrival and departure of ships, their names, staff, tons, guns, from where, when sailed, and where bound. Among the recorded ships are the Victoria, the Success, the Tellicherry, the Fame, the Prince George, the Queen Carolina, the Britannia[also written as Brittania], the Drake, the Robert, the Prince of Wales, the Richmond, the Jenny, and the Wilmington. Ships sailed mainly to and from Gombroon, Bombay [Mumbai], Surat [also written as Suratt], Bengall [Bengal], Bassidore, Bussorah, Boucheir [Bushehr], Mocha, Mallabar Coast [Malabar], Madrass [Madras, i.e. Chennai], Muscat, and China.The volumes include some duplications, and some faded letters/enclosures.Physical description: Foliation: This file consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at f 1 of volume one (ff 1-153) and terminates at f 284 of volume two (ff 154-284); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.